in the neighbourhood of Oswestry and Ludlow. 93 



Oswestry. Common on the Welsh mountains, but scarce with us. 

 The apothecia are immersed, but protrude in an oblique direction 

 from the thallus ; small, and of a dull opake black colour. 



Endocarpon rufo -vires cens. Craigforda and Mynydd-y-Myfyr. 

 Common in Wales, but of more rare occurrence with us. 



Lepraria chlor'ina. Craig-y-Rhu. 



L. lolithus. Craig-y-Khu. 



Variolaria glohulifera. Upon old ash-trees at Craig-y-Rhu. 



V. conspurcata. Limestone rocks, Pentregaer. 



Lecidea fusco-atra. Craigforda and Pentregaer. This minute 

 Lecidea, with its finely radiating thallus, presents a beautiful appear- 

 ance on the surface of quartz or chert. 



L.fumosa. Moelydd and Craig-y-Rhu. The crust forms brown 

 smoky mtches upon the rocks. It is probably not uncommon. 



L. p&trma. In great abundance and perfection upon the mud- 

 stones of the Silurian system about Ludlow, and common also about 

 Oswestry. My reason for noticing this common lichen is because 

 there is some resemblance to the naked eye between this and lapi- 

 cida, and experienced botanists have I believe proposed to unite them ; 

 but the crust of lapicida is smoother, more polished, harder, and 

 more cream-coloured. The apothecia too are more sunk in the crust 

 in lapicida. In petraa they are often surrounded by a whitish border 

 formed of the crust, giving the plant the appearance of a Lecanora ; 

 in a more advanced stage they have an urceolate appearance, the 

 border being raised and inflexed ; and the under side of this being 

 white, the plant still retains somewhat of the appearance of a Leca^ 

 nora. The concentric arrangement of the apothecia is usually very 

 strongly marked, so that the name of Davies and Dickson {concen- 

 trica) ought I think to be restored to it instead of that of petrcea, 

 to which it has no more title than many others which are equally 

 confined to rocks, and which, in fact, expresses nothing peculiar to 

 the plant itself. The petrcea grows upon soft rocks. I only know 

 lapicida as growing upon the hard slaty rocks of the Cambrian sy- 

 stem, where it is by no means a common lichen. 



L, prominula. A minute and obscure lichen, varying however 

 much in the size of its apothecia. The var. lygcea of Ach. has been 

 sent to me by Mr. Leighton from Haughmond Hill. 



L. anomala. Acharius characterizes this species as " polymorpha, 

 nam apothecia, quoad formam et colorem eximie variant ;" we have 

 what I believe to be one of the varieties of this polymorphous species 

 growing upon some elm-trees at the Lodge near Ludlow. The crust 

 is very thin, smooth, polished, and of a pale whitish colour. The 

 apothecia conspicuous, variable in size, and of a brownish black 

 colour. 



L. elcBochroma and parasema. These lichens have been well di- 

 stinguished in the v;ork of Mougeot and Nestler, ' Stirpes Crypto- 

 gamee Vogeso-Rheuanse,' and by Dr. Taylor in the * Fl. Hib.' The 

 crust oi parasema is frequently almost white ; the apothecia scattered 

 irregularly about the disc, and larger than in elceochroma. In this 

 last the crust is always greenish and granulated, the apothecia 



