464 Botanical Notices from Java. 



a useful fuel. In the whole circuit of this small headland (or less 

 steep acclivity) the trees were barren and killed by the former ac- 

 tion of fire. Our Kapola Gunong told me, that he had fired them 

 on a former journey. 



At a short distance eastward of this spot, one of the deep clefts in 

 the rock, which are generally dry and only after rain form thunder- 

 ing torrents, descends the mountain. On the steep mountain- wall 

 which rises on the other side of the cleft, I noticed the last tree- 

 ferns ; I also still saw here Melastoma malaharicum, L., — a shrub 

 which occurs in similar luxuriance on the sea-shore. The small 

 stems of the angring-tree are here already very slender and narrow, 

 hung with Usnece and divided above into slender twigs, between 

 which the transparent loose foliage expands. 



The height above Djocjokarta amounts to 5231 feet ; the thermo- 

 meter stood at 64° F., a temperature at which the Japanese trembled 

 and shook with cold ; but after they had warmed themselves by the 

 fire, they were merry again, to which some opium and brandy, which 

 last they do not despise in the cold climate, contributed. They 

 boiled some coffee, ate rice, and urged me, after I had put in order 

 the plants I had collected, to continue our journey at once. I 

 agreed, and all arose with renewed strength. 



The angring-trees became gradually smaller, and in a short time 

 we lost them altogether. But there still grew here small young 

 shrubs of the Acacia montana (the Kamalandingan of the Japanese), 

 for a short distance higher up, and then they also disappeared to 

 make place for another beautiful and very peculiar vegetation, which 

 gives to the barren rocky mountain-walls a more northern aspect. 

 This consists in small bushes, a few feet high, which take root in 

 the clefts of the rocks, and some of which appeared also lower down 

 in the woods, but only isolated, whilst here they are the only plants 

 which cover the gray rock with an uninterrupted clothing. Most 

 prominent is a Gnaphalium with pale blossoms (G. Javanicum, Bl.?), 

 and the Gaultheria punctata, Bl., from whose sweet-smelling leaves 

 the Japanese prepare an oil which fetches a high price in the mar- 

 ket. With these are associated Polygonum paniculatum, BL, Thi- 

 baudia varingicefoUa, Bl.*, Hypericum javamcunit BL, Rhododendron 

 tubiflorum, BL, with scarlet umbelliform flowers, and several other 

 Ericacece. Gaultheria repens, BL, whose black berries my compa- 

 nions ate, and several species of Lycopodium, clothe the rocks luxu- 

 riantly, from which they often hang down in festoons ; out of their 

 clefts, filled with Orthotrichum and other mosses, grows plentifully 

 the Polypodium vulcanicum, BL, whilst a crust- like lichen with a yel- 

 lowish thallus and reddish apothecia covers the smoother parts. 

 Continuing to climb, we soon came to the heights of the ridge, 

 where boulders of stone of all sizes lie strewn about, only imper- 



• Thihaudia varingieefolia, Bl. The normal form of the leaves is ellip- 

 tico- (broad-) lanceolate. But they pass over (generally on one and the 

 same bush) into the elongate- (narrow-) lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, obo- 

 vate, and even into the cuneiform ; nor is the hairiness of the calyx more 

 constant (T. Jloribunda, VaringicBfolia cuneifolia, and mystoides, BL). 



