1 26 Observations made during a Visit 



miles from Galway, and 184 from Dublin. Neither it, 

 Roundstone, Lenane, nor Ma'am, are noticed in any map of 

 Ireland that I have seen : indeed, there is no map yet pub- 

 lished which gives at all a correct delineation of this part of 

 the country : I ought, perhaps, to except the great map of 

 the county; but of that I am not certain. 



We particularly noticed that LPlex nanus replaced U. euro- 

 pae N us in this neighbourhood, the latter being much the more 

 frequent species in all the other parts of Connamara and Joyce's 

 Country which we visited. 



The road from Clifden skirts the heads of several small 

 inlets, and then, leaving the sea, enters upon by far the most 

 barren and desolate country which we noticed during an ex- 

 tensive tour in Ireland. It consists of bog, resting upon a 

 substratum of hornblende, the rock appearing in numerous 

 masses at the surface, and often containing felspar ; it is some- 

 times quartzose, but in many cases nearly pure. The whole 

 country is full of small lakes, and has, at a distance, a very si- 

 milar appearance to the district observed from the top of 

 Shanafolia Mountain, near Ma'am. The vegetation consists 

 solely of the following plants, the first two forming nearly the 

 whole herbage: — <Schce x nus nigricans and MoYmia caerulea are 

 common ; Eriophorum angustifolium, LTlex nanus, and Rhyn- 

 chospora alba, being far from common. The other plants 

 noticed were, Potentilla Tormentilla, ikfyrica Gale, Call una 

 vulgaris, and jBrica Tetralix, rare; E. cinerea, Narthecium 

 ossifragum, Drosera anglica and rotundifolia, very rare. In 

 the lakes we observed Cladium JVlariscus, Phragmites commu- 

 nis (^frundo Phragmites), #cirpus lacustris, and Utricularia 

 minor, all of them far from common. In this district the bogs 

 are often so soft (especially where the Moling'a caerulea pre- 

 dominates), that it is quite impossible to keep the ditches 

 open by the sides of the road, and a strong undulation is 

 caused in the water by any passing vehicle. The road is 

 bounded on both sides by country of this character for more 

 than five miles, and it appears to extend for a great distance 

 both to the right and left; being terminated on one side by 

 Urrisbeg, and the hills near the coast; and on the other, by 

 the splendid mass of mountains called the Twelve Pins of 

 Bunarola. In the eastern part of this district, and at about a 

 mile from the turning to Roundstone, is a low but extensive 

 mass of rocky ground, called Craigha Moira, which is quite 

 covered by a heath new to the British flora (which I have 

 called E. MackaiaW, in compliment to J. T. Mackay, Esq., 

 the Irish botanist, conceiving it to be an undescribed species), 

 having the flowers of E. Xetralix, and the leaves and calyx of 



