106 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 



species, however, hold for the most part to-day. Various 

 attempts were made by Illiger, Oliver, and others to combine 

 the systems of Linne and Fabricius, with results which were far 

 from satisfactory, and no real advance was made until Latreille 

 and the other systematic workers of his time, as Lamarck, Cu- 

 vier, Kirby, and Spence, etc., gave their efforts to this subject. 

 To Latreille, chiefly, however, the credit is due for the final 

 proper limiting of the Class Insecta, and the separation of the 

 groups represented by the Myriapoda, Arachnida, Crustacea, 

 etc., which had hitherto been generally associated with insects, 

 and especially for the establishment of a natural system of classi 

 fication of insects based on a combination of the characters 

 metamorphosis, wings, and mouth-parts formerly employed 

 respectively by Swammerdam and Ray, Linne and DeGeer. 

 Latreille should be especially mentioned also as the father of 

 the family names as subdivisions of orders which were later 

 given, as has been recently pointed out by Dr. Gill, uniform 

 (patronymic) terminations on the recommendation of Kirby. 



This period overlaps and is really a continuation of the Lin- 

 nean period. Thunberg, Fabricius, and others of this period 

 were students of Linn6, at Upsala, and the former afterwards 

 followed Linne" as professor of natural history. It will be noted 

 that most of the distinguished entomologists of this period were 

 either professors in universities or were physicians. Several of 

 the important illustrators, as in the former period, were either 

 painters or engravers. Treitschke was manager of the Royal 

 Theatre at Vienna ; Clark was an English veterinary surgeon ; 

 Douche" was a master gardener in Berlin ; Kirby was an English 

 clergyman ; and Spinola was a Genoese nobleman. 



Group VI. The ityth- Century Writers. 



We now come to a generation which connects closely with 

 the last and touches the one in which we live. It includes the 

 authors born between 1790 and 1815. In this period the activi 

 ties which were so marked in the last were continued with 

 scarcely diminished zeal and prolificness. These two periods 

 together are the great working eras in the history of the science 



