94 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 



Academy of Sciences, Paris, too much praise can hardly be said. 

 He is the author who has perhaps most studied the habits and 

 metamorphoses of insects, and the results of his work are as use 

 ful and serviceable to-day as when written, and in correctness of 

 delineation and in accuracy of observation they have not been 

 excelled. His work, ^''Memoirs pour servir a Phistoire des 

 Insectes" Paris, 1734-1742, seven volumes, the last in manu 

 script, is one of the most important contributions which has ever 

 been made to the science of entomology. One cannot but feel 

 impressed, in reading his introductory chapter, with the soundness 

 of his views ; and an examination of his records of the habits of 

 insects and of his magnificent plates, in which all stages are por 

 trayed, indicate his enthusiasm and painstaking care. 



In anatomy this period presents the important names of Mar- 

 cello Malpighi (16281694) an< ^ Johann Swammerdam (1637 

 1685), both physicians, the one of Bologna and the other of 

 Amsterdam. Antony van Leeuwenhoeck (1632 1723), a natu 

 ralist and physician of Delft, may also be classed here, more 

 especially for his microscopical researches, which are remark 

 able when it is remembered that his instrument was unable to 

 give much more than 100 diameters. His principal work, con 

 taining much about insects, is his "Arcana natures detecta ope 

 microscopiorum" 1695-1714, four volumes, which was trans 

 lated into English and German and went through many editions. 



The first published treatise on the internal anatomy of insects 

 was the work of Malpighi, who has left an account of the 

 anatomy of the silk-worm (Dissertatio epistolica de Bombyce, 

 etc., London, 1664, 12 plates) in which he describes the dorsal 

 vessel, correctly calling it the heart, and also the respiratory 

 organs, the intestinal canal, and other organs, internal and ex 

 ternal. 



Swammerdam is practically the founder of our knowledge of 

 the general anatomy of insects, and is one of the principal 

 writers on this subject. His first important work, " Historia 

 Insectorum generates" with 13 plates, appeared in 1669. His 

 chief work on insects, " Biblia naturcz," or " Bib el der 

 Natur" was not published, however, until long after his death, 

 by Boerhave (1737-8), and contains the exposition of his very 



