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corps of field observers send in replies gratuitously on printed 

 forms relative to insect outbreaks, and advice as to remedies are 

 sent out wherever needed. In special cases field investigations 

 are undertaken, but the means at hand are limited, and such work 

 is not very large in extent. The hours of work are the same as 

 at Vienna from 9 to 2 o'clock. Although no inquiries were 

 made on the subject, it is probable that the salaries are small, 

 judging from the fact that in the army a lieutenant receives from 

 six hundred to a thousand gulden, or from two hundred and forty 

 to four hundred dollars a year. The work, good as it is, is often 

 hampered by the ignorance in scientific and practical matters of 

 the Minister of Agriculture. One example of the result of this 

 may be noted : A rather more serious outbreak than ordinary of 

 the well-known grape pest (Cochylis) was reported over a wide 

 territory, and there were consequent fears that the vine industry 

 was seriously threatened. Although ithis insect is a common one 

 and well known to viticulturists and entomologists, and one which 

 has been studied and the methods of procedure against which have 

 been exploited for years, yet the statement of these facts had little 

 weight with the Minister of Agriculture, and the entomologist, 

 Mr. Jablonowski, was commanded to immediately exterminate 

 the insect in question. On explaining that this was impossible 

 with the means at his command, he was peremptorily told to de 

 stroy the insect and do it within a week. 



In the laboratory of Mr. Jablonowski were seen a number ot 

 interesting insects not yet known in this country, the introduction 

 of which would be attended with very serious consequences to 

 our agriculture. Perhaps the worst insects appearing in Hungary 

 in recent years are the clover-leaf Apions, represented by two or 

 three species of this genus,* which scarify and defoliate the leaves 

 of the clover to such an extent as to nearly ruin it for purposes of 

 forage or cropping These insects seem to be rather general 

 feeders, and are often, for instance, very destructive to the foliage 

 of the fig. The migratory grasshopper of southern Europe is 

 also one of the principal destructive insects of Hungary, and the 

 operations against it are very extensive, but are chiefly of the 

 mechanical sort. The locusts are driven into temporary inclos- 

 ures and there destroyed wholesale, as has often been illustrated 



* Apion trifolii, A. assimile, A. apricans. 



