OF WASHINGTON. 413 



Mr. Howard, referring to a previous paper read betore the 

 Society by Mr. Johnson on the subject of Trypeta ludens, stated 

 that the day after he arrived in San Francisco (November 13 last), 

 Mr. Alexander Craw, the Chief Quarantine Officer of the State 

 Board of Horticulture of California, discovered this insect in num 

 bers in a shipment of oranges from Acapulco, Mexico, and had 

 the entire cargo condemned and burned, the shipping interests 

 being informed that no more citrous fruits were to be received 

 from the port of Acapulco. This was mentioned as a striking 

 example of the good effects of the California quarantine system. 

 Mr. Marlatt suggested that until we are more thoroughly in 

 formed as to the complete life-history of this insect, we cannot 

 say with certainty that it will ever be able to establish itself in 

 California orange groves ; that there is a period of many months 

 in the summer when citrous trees carry no fruit, in which the insect 

 might die out. 



Mr. Johnson said that he had bred Aphelinus fuscipennis 

 in great abundance in Maryland from the San Jose scale this 

 autumn. He is inclined to think that this parasite has become 

 so abundant that it will be necessary to alter remedial measures 

 against the scale. Instead of cutting down and burning trees at 

 once, he will recommend girdling the trees and killing them and 

 then leaving them until all parasites have had a chance to escape 

 before they are burned. He stated that he even doubts the wis 

 dom of winter spraying, although he is not certain as to the stage 

 in which the parasite hibernates. 



Mr. Marlatt said that he thought it likely that the parasite hiber 

 nates in the larval condition, since he has found many parasitic 

 larvae under scales this winter, and further stated that he considers 

 scale parasites unusually abundant the present year. 



Mr. Howard said that he had found Aphelinus fuscipennis 

 hibernating in the larval stage under the scales of A. tenebricosus, 

 but that while many parasitic Hymenoptera hibernate in this con 

 dition, others hibernate as adults. 



Mr. Ashmead said that in his opinion the majority of parasitic 

 Hymenoptera hibernate in the larval condition, but that during 

 warm winters many of them frequently transform to adults well 

 before the opening of spring. 



Mr. Johnson said that the pea louse {Nectarophora destruc 

 tor)'^ still active in New Jersey, Maine, and Maryland, and spoke 



