6§# Additions to the British MammdUa, 



carapagnol is shorter, and more square in its form, exhibiting a greater 

 appearance of strength; and although a smaller animal, with a shortier 

 back, as well as shorter limbs, it has actually longer feet. 



I In the viscera of the thorax I observed no difference. The 

 stomachs in each appeared also of the same form, and both 

 presented an apparent contraction, at the distance of one third 

 from the cardiac orifice. The liver of the bank campagnol 

 was more extensively divided than that of the field campagnol, 

 and contained seven distinct lobes, while that of the latter 

 presented but five. Both species are equally devoid of gall 

 bladder. The difference in the comparative length of the 

 isiQali; and large intestines was, however, most decided : — 



cliii. Viii: , Field CarapagnoL Bank Campagnol. 



<-b^o•:^!^°'^^ll^"testines -. - HJ in. d^ in. 



^ Caecum - s - 2f 4 



Large, intestipes - - 8 W 



These measurements, in which, it will be observed^ the proportions are 

 reversed, appear to indicate some variety in their choice of food, with 

 which I am not as yet acquainted, and the contents of the stomachs were 

 too far digested to assist me. 



A fourth series of points of distinction may be drawn from 

 : their habits. The bank campagnol fi'equents hedge bottoms 

 and ditch banks; from which circumstances I was induced to 

 adopt the specific term riparia: it is also said to make its nest 

 of wool. The field campagnol, on the contrary, prefers living 

 ; among the long herbage of water meadows and moist pastures, 

 and makes its nest of dried grass. 



If I am correct in my opinion, that the evidence here pro- 



<luced is conclusive as to the distinction of these two species, 



. more precise systematic characters will be necessary ; and I 



venture to propose their separation in the following terms: — 



i; Field Campagnol, Arvicolaagrestis. — Supra rufescenti-fusca, subtus cinerea; 

 ) auriculis vix prominulis j cauda tertiam partem corporis longitudine vix 



Eequante. 

 ' Bank Campagnol, Arvicola riparia. — Supra saturate castaneo-rufescens, 



subtiis cinerea; auriculis paulo prominulis ; cauda dimidium corporis 

 I longitudine aequante, apice pilis subelongatis. 



The first specimen I obtained of this new species was from 

 Birchanger, in Essex ; and, by the assistance of kind and 

 zealous friends, I have since obtained two other examples from 

 the same locality. I have also received specimens from three 

 ■other counties, Hertfordshire, Middlesex, and Berkshire ; but 

 it is by no means so common as the short-tailed field campagnol. 



P. S. Since sending you an account of the occurrence of the oared 

 shrew (^Sorex remifer) at Battersea, and probably also in Norfolk, I have 

 received a communication from my friend, the Rev. L. Jenyns, who is at 

 present engaged in preparing a Manual of the British Vertebrata^ that he has 

 himself taken an example of this species of shrew, in a corn field near the 

 fens in Cambridgeshire, since my notice was written. 



