116 C. J. HUMPHRIES 



Karsten, 1880-83: 1086; Hager, 1887 : 774; Schlechtendal, Langethal & Schenk, 1887 : tab. 3039, p. 264; 

 Karsten, 1895 : 666; Garcke, 1898 : 320; Fedtschenko & Flerov, 1910 : 969. 



Sect. 2. Anacyclus 



Anacyclus sect. Anacyclus, sect. typ. gen. 



Anacyclus sect. Diorthordon DC., Prodr. 6 : 16 (1838). 



Anacyclus sect. Cyrtolepidia Pomel, Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. : 53 (1874). 



Anacyclus sect. Cyrtolepis (Less.) Batt. & Trabut, FL Alger. 3 : 452 (1890). 



Annuals; stems aerial; leaves homomorphic to heteromorphic, tripinnatisect to pinnatisect; 

 radical leaves rarely present. Peduncles one to several, erect to rarely creeping, divaricately 

 branching. Ray florets white or yellow, with or without a red stripe below, or completely absent. 



2. Anacyclus monanthos (L.) Thell. 



in Mem. Soc. Nat. Sci. Cherbourg, IV, 38 : 518 (1912); C. Christensen in Dansk Bot. Ark. 3 : 26 (1922). 

 [Tanacetum monanthemum Vaill. in Hist. Acad. Sci. Paris : 282 (1719).] 



Tanacetum monanthos L., Mantissa 1:111 (1767). Orig. coll.: Forskdl, Cult. hort. Uppsala, Herb. 

 Linnaeus 987.8 (LINN, holotypus). 



Annual; stems virtually absent, reduced to a short, erect or creeping protusion on a slender tap- 

 root. Leaves heteromorphic; rosette leaves, when present petiolate, tripinnatisect, 3-0-10-0 x 

 0-5-3-0 cm, with slender to sometimes broad, fleshy, acuminate ultimate segments; primary lobes 

 in 4-7 opposite or subopposite pairs; rhachis flat, cuneate at the base, with prominent veins; 

 pedunculate leaves sessile to petiolate, bi- or more rarely tripinnatisect, 0-5-4-2x0-2-1 -2 cm, 

 primary lobes in 2-8 subopposite pairs. Inflorescence a contracted cyme with radiating creeping 

 or ascending peduncles, emerging alternately from a reduced central stem; peduncles sometimes 

 contracted to form a central synflorescence of 2-6 capitula or a single syncephalum (1-0-) 

 4-0-24-0 (-35-0) cm long, with 1-9 branches and 3-6 (-12) terminal capitula, sparsely to densely 

 villous, often inflated and sometimes fasciate and tumescent. Involucre 6-0-20-0 mm in diameter 

 or up to 25-0 mm in a syncephalum; involucral bracts in 3 rows, 2-5-5-2 x 0-5-2-5 mm, outer 

 series triangular, inner series broadly triangular to obcuneate, usually densely villous, usually 

 green to brown and scarious above, somewhat fleshy and thick below, with an acuminate apex 

 and thin laciniate margins; receptacular scales 2-8-4-5x2-2 6-0 mm, transversely broadly 

 obovate, the apex cuspidate, caniculate, overlapping the cypsela at the apex when mature, 

 slightly membranous at the margin but tough at the centre and above, with an obvious central 

 vein. Florets discoid, hermaphrodite, homomorphic, 3-0-4-0 mm long, actinomorphic to hetero- 

 morphic radiant, where 2 corolla lobes are longer than the other 3; corolla lobes slightly cucullate, 

 tubes anterior-dorsally compressed with lateral wings slightly broader at the base. Styles 2-9- 

 3-1 mm, style arms c. 0-6 mm long. Stamens 2-8-3-5 mm long, anthers c. 0-5 mm long. Cypselas 

 broadly obovate, 1 -8-2-5 x 1-0-2-7 mm, usually light brown to yellow, lateral wings narrow, 

 0-1-0-5 mm wide, but thick, with a distinct toothed margin. Pappus a marginal corona or absent. 



Flowering period: Mainly February-April. 



Variation: Anacyclus monanthos is a variable species comprised of two subspecies, subsp. monan- 

 thos and subsp. cyrtolepidioides, which look quite different from one another, but are vicariant 

 sister taxa occurring as a stepped cline running from Egypt to central and southern Algeria. The 

 western taxon, subsp. cyrtolepidioides, is the least distinct, since many populations look super- 

 ficially very similar to the Iberian-Moroccan species A. homogamos. It is tempting to consider 

 that these two taxa may have shared common ancestry, although the hard, almost epappose 

 cypselas with narrow, dentate lateral wings, together with the somewhat leathery, obcuneate 

 receptacular scales of subsp. cyrtolepidioides, are easily distinguishable from the pappose cypselas 

 with broad, thin, entire wings and the scarious receptacular scales of A. homogamos. Subsp. 



