."> \ Miller A Af//' /'ox.s/7 Bea/rfrom Ohio. 



and large cheekteeth. The extinct North American species 

 hitherto described are Ardodus pristiuus Leidy, Ursus amplidens 

 Leidy, U. american us fossil is Ijeidy, Ardotherium simum Cope, and 

 Ursus haplodon Cope. These may be examined chronologically. 



Ardodus pristinus Leidy (Proc. A cad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 

 VII, p. 90, June, 1854), from the sands of the Ashley River, South 

 Carolina, is a small-toothed species in no way closely related to 

 that represented by the Ohio specimen. 



Ursus amplidens Leidy (Journ. A cad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 

 N. S., Ill, p. 168, November, 1856), from " a ravine in the vicinity 

 of Natchez, Mississippi," is known from a penultimate upper 

 molar, and a left mandibular ram us with the posterior tooth in 

 place. The specimen is thus exactly complementary to the Ohio 

 skull. The only common ground for comparison between the 

 two is the size of the molar figured by Leidy and the space for 

 merly occupied by the homologous tooth in the Ohio speci 

 men. Although the two correspond in a general way, this fact 

 alone is obviously insufficient to establish specific identity. 



Ursus americanus fossilis Leidy (Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila 

 delphia, N. S., Ill, p 169, November, 1856), discovered in the 

 same ravine that contained the remains of Ursus amplidens, is a 

 small-toothed bear closely related to the existing black bears, 

 though probably distinct from any recent species. 



Arctotkerium simum Cope (American Naturalist, XIII, p. 71)1, 

 December, 1879; ibid., XXV, p. 997, November, 1891), from 

 Shasta County, California, is readily distinguishable from the 

 Ohio specimen by its generic characters and exceedingly short 

 rostrum. 



Ursus haplodon Cope (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1896, 

 p. 383), from Port Kennedy, Pennsylvania, is a very large animal, 

 the jaws of which " exceed the average dimensions of the grizzly 

 bear." Through the kindness of Mr. Witmer Stone I have been 

 enabled to examine some of the material on which this species 

 was based. This shows that the skull of Ursus haplodon was 

 even more massive than that of the grizzly bears, and therefore 

 nearly double the weight of the Ohio specimen, with which, 

 therefore, the species requires no special comparison. 



The animal represented by the Ohio specimen, as none of the 

 names based on fossil North American bears are applicable to it, 

 may be called : 



