Zoology. 67 



the wound, though but slight at first, was sufficient to cause its death 

 after it had changed to a pupa. Not knowing the insect in that state, I took 

 it to Mr. Samouelie, who very kindly informed me, and also what treatment 

 it required. 



I should be obliged to any of your correspondents who would inform me 

 if the larva undergoes its changes in the tree, and in what manner .^|ie. imago 



extricates itself. It appeared to me that the cavity, at and near the entrance 



A, was much too 



small for the exit of 



the insect in either 



the larva or imago 



state. 



The moth (/g. 16.) 

 is found in July, as 

 Mr. Samouelie states, 

 (See^w^. Usef. Comp. 

 p. 246.) in St. James's 

 Park, against trees. I 

 would strongly recommend, to gardeners in general, a closer examination 

 of the stems of their fruit trees, by which many young trees might be 

 saved, and much information accrue to entomologists in that particular 

 branch of the science. I remain. Sir, yours, &c. — Andrew Mathews. 

 Alfred Home, Turnham Green, Sept. 18. 1828. 



Distinction of Sex in Papilio Machaon. — I beg to call the attention of 

 your entomological readers to the distinction which the Cambridge collect- 

 ors consider as mai'king the sexes of the Papilio Machaon while in the pupa 

 state, viz. the colour. I obtained a number of the pupae of both kinds this 

 spring ; but, from an unlucky accident which happened to my specimens, 

 was unable to decide this fact. I subjoin a description of both. They are 

 exactly alike in shape, and correctly described in books as " angulated with 

 two processes in front," and are fastened, by an anal and transverse thread, 

 to the stalk of the 5felinum palustre, or marsh milk-parsley (on which the 

 larvae feed), with the head upwards, and the back of the abdomen touching 

 the stalk. The colour of that which is said to be the female is grass-green 

 with a slight tinge of rufous down each side. The colour of the male varies 

 "from nearly black to a light brownish rufous, having a darker line down 

 each side, and bordering the wing-cases; the two prominences on the front 

 of the head, that on the under side of the front of the thorax, and the inner 

 side of the prominences representing the fore legs of larvae, are dark rufous, 

 nearly, approaching to black. The wing-cases are slightly tinged with the 

 same colour, having a few black veins originating at the base, and running 



F 2 



