Mr. Yarrell's Notes on Comparative Anatomy. 321 



cular gizzard, but only half as large as that of the tame Swan. InteS' 

 tines 8 feet 8 inches long, with two ctecal appendages, 10 inches each. 



Black Swan. [Cygnusatratus.] 

 Male. Trachea descending sufficiently low to be attached to the 

 angle of the os furcatorium by a strong dense membrane. Stomach a 

 true gizzard. Intestinal canal 10 feet in length; ccBca/ appendages 13 

 inches each. 



Canada Goose, [./^nser Canadensis, Briss.] 

 Stomach a true gizzard. Intestines 8 feet 4 inches in length, with two 

 ccBcal appendages of 9 inches each. 



White-fronted Goose. [Anser albifrons, Briss.] 



Stomach a true muscular gizzard. Intestinal canal 8 feet long, having 

 two QCEcal appendages of 13 inches each. 



Indian Tortoise. \Testudo Indica, Linn.] 



Circumference of the shell 6 feet 6 inches ; length of the upper shell 

 from anterior to posterior edge, measuring over the curve, 4 feet 2 inches, 

 greatest thickness of the shell 3 inches. Whole length of the animal, 

 from the nose to the end of the tail, 5 feet. Trachea 18 inches ; bron- 

 chia 10 inches ; the lungs appeared to cover nearly the whole inner sur- 

 face of the upper plate, the cells very large ; two pairs of powerful mus- 

 cles extended from the sides of the spine, to be attached to the neck and 

 head, one pair of which drew back the head, the other pair drew in 

 and folded the neck, the vertebrce possessing great extent of motion upon 

 each other ; heart small in proportion to the animal and its other vis- 

 cera ; auricles far exceeding the ventricles in capacity. Stomach a sin- 

 gle elongated crescent-shaped bag, the upper half lying on the left side, 

 the lower portion turning across the abdominal cavity, the parietes thick 

 and muscular. Intestines of large calibre, 22 feet in length, with strong 

 muscular coats. Liver of great size, composed principally of one large 

 lobe on each side ; kidneys 6 inches in length and placed very far back 

 near the pelvis; urinary bladder of extraordinary size, the coats very 

 thin and nearly transparent ; when moderately distended with air it 



