36 ]\Ir. S. P. Woodward on the Evils of Increasing Synonyms. 



cupped ; surface of stem and back of disk covered with small, 

 oblong, rather distant pores (fig. 8 c). 



Millepora truncata^ James. Warn. Mem. i. 560. 

 Tubulipora truncata, Fleming, Brit. Anim. 529 ; Johnst. Brit. 

 Zooph. 271. pi. .H3. figs. 8-10. 



y8. Interstices of costce smooth. 

 2. D. stellata, Goldfuss. PI. I. fig. 9. 



Polyzoary fungiform, proliferous, flattened above ; costse nu- 

 merous, slender ; surface of stem covered with large, hexagonal, 

 closely contiguous pits (fig. 9 c). 



Cenopora stellata, Goldfuss, Petrefact. i. p. 39. t. 30, fig. 12 ; 



Phihppi, Die Tertiarverst. der Nordwestl. Deutschlands> 



p. 36, 37. 

 Defranceia stellata, Reuss, Die fossil. Polyparien des Wiener 



Tertiarbeckens, p. 37. pi. 6. fig. a. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE L 



Fig. I. Cellepora cervicornis, auctor. : a, nat. size; b, portion of surface 



towards the end of a branch magnified 25 diam. ; c, cells mag- 

 nified. 

 Fig. 2. Eschara teres (n, sp.) : a, natural size; b, portion magnified; 



c, transverse section of a small branch magnified. 

 Fig. 3. Eschara Skenei (var. tridens) : a, nat. size ; h, portion magnified ; 



c, front of cell magnified. 

 Fig. A. Eschara rosacea (n. sp.) : a, a, a, nat. size ; b, portion magnified ; 



c, portion magnified (older state of cells) ; d, portion magnified 



(young state of cells). 

 Fig. 5. Eschara saccata (n. sp.) : a, nat. size ; b, portion magnified (young 



state of cells) ; c, portion of surface in older parts magnified. 

 Fig. 6. Idmonea atlantica, E. Forbes : a, nat. size ; b, front view of branch 



magnified ; c, side view of branch magnified ; d, front of young 



branch magnified ; e, back of branch magnified. 

 Fig. 7' Hornera frondiculata, Lamx. : a, nat. size; 6, var. aJUnis"? nat. 



size ; c, front view of branch magnified ; d, back view of branch 



magnified. 

 Fig. 8. Defrancia truncata (n. sp.) : a, nat. size ; b, portion of costae 



magnified ; c, surface of stem magnified. 

 Fig. 9. Defrancia stellatal, Goldfuss : a, nat. size; b, portion of edge of 



disk magnified ; c, surface of stem magnified. 



V. — On the Evils of Increasing Synonyms. 

 By S. P. Woodward, F.G.S. 



To the Editors of the Annals of Natural History. 



Gentlemen, 



In the May Number of the ' Annals ' I showed that " the type of 

 Mr. Jeffreys ^ new genus {Schismope) was a typical Scissurella." 



