'^^"^^om the Kingdom of Nepdh 449 



known for its aromatic capsules, and for tlie thick prickly clubs 

 used by fakirs (mendicants), is the Xanthoxylon hastile of Royle 

 (X. alatum of Roxb. iii. 768, and X. acanthopodium, DC), called 

 Timiir and Zejbal, the last expressive of its strong pungency. 

 It seems to be the Jwarantika, ' fever-ender,^ of the Sanscrit. 

 It is (perhaps erroneously) referred to X» aromaticum, a West] 

 Indian species, in the Illustrated Catalogue of the Great Exhibi-'^ 

 tion of 1851, ii. 895. There is a new species flourishing in'' 

 shadier and loftier sites in Kumaon, which Mr. Edgeworth pro- 

 poses to call X. tomentosum ; of this the native name is Simur ; 

 it has similar properties. The arboreous species mentioned 

 by Dr. Hamilton may be X. Budrunga of Roxburgh, of which 

 the capsules are of a warm spicy nature, with the fragrance of 

 lemon-peel. Toddalia floribunda, Wall., and another species of 

 Xanthoxylon are natives of Nepal ; and Tetrodium cymosum and 

 fraxinifolium (Royle, 157) may be from Lower Nepal. 



Padam chhal "is a plant with a thick cylindrical root that is 

 used in medicine, and brought to the low country for that pur-^ 

 pose. The specimen that I procured had one large heart-shaped* 

 rough leaf, and had somewhat the appearance of an Anemone '^- 

 (p. 100). The name signifies *^bark of the Lotus,' and, accord*'^ 

 ing to my Nepalese authority, belongs to some species oiRheum^^ 

 probably R. Emodi, or Webbianum, or both, the roots of which * 

 have " a spongy texture^' (Royle) resembling the Lotus. 



Sied burrooa : Daphne papyrifera, Ham. pp. 85, 232 ; pro- 

 perly written Seta-baruwa, i. e. White Baruwa. The shrub 

 abounds in the temperate districts of the Himalaya; and the 

 paper made from its bark, though coarse, is not touched by in- .^ 

 sects. ^' The bark is exceedingly strong and pliable, and seems* 

 to be the same with certain tape-like bandages employed by thet* 

 Chinese in tying many of their parcels.^' ''^J 



Sinkauri, Silkauli ; the leaves, Tejpat. " Both its bark and ^ 

 leaves have a fine aromatic Smell and taste, and this quality in ' 

 the leaves is strengthened by drying" (p. 84). Cinnamomum 

 albiflorum ', Laurus Soncaurium, Ham., Linn. Trans, xiii. 557; 

 C. Cassida, Don, Prod. 67. Another Sinkauri is distinguished by 

 its aromatic quality residing in the bark of the roots. Dr. Hamil- 

 ton received it from the mountains of Morang, the tract between 

 the rivers Kosi and Tista. In the Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. 558, 

 he describes this plant as Laurus Sailyaua : " vis aromatica tota 

 in radicis cortice posita. Hie autem cortex Ifevis, colore lateri- 

 tius, odoratissimus, sapore grato aromaticus. Cortex ramorum 

 et folia insipida, inodora.^' Nees von Esenbeck (in Wall. PL As. 

 Rar. ii. 73-75) identifies it as Cinnamomum albiflorum /3, very 

 near C, Tamdla, *Taj' Bengalensium, cultivated in the gardens 

 of Camrup. 



Ann. ^ Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 2. Vol. xviii. 29 



