Prof. P. J. Van Beneden on the Intestinal Worms, 347 



— a worm from the intestinal canal of the Cyprini, already de- 

 scribed by Pallas^ Bloch, and Goeze, and here illustrated by new 

 figures (pi. 14) and anatomical descriptions. The rest of the 

 tape-worms are ^ digeneses.' It was known, from an earlier work 

 of V. Beneden, published in 1850 by the Belgian Academy of 

 Sciences, that our author does not regard the tape-worms as 

 simple but as compound animals, formed of as many animals as 

 there are joints of the body. The Vermis cucurhitinus (the joint 

 which, separated from a Tcenia, is rejected with the excrement) 

 is the perfect worm (here named Proglottis) ; the joint contains 

 all the organs which serve for the perpetuation of the species. 



Amongst the Cesto'ides digeneses our author first distinguishes 

 two primary divisions, the Bothriades and the Teniades. Of 

 the first, which principally live in fishes, there are here noticed 

 the genera Echeneibothrium, V. Beneden (to the species for- 

 merly made known by our author he here adds a new one from 

 Raja Batisy namely Echeneib. dvhium), Phyllobothrium, V. Bene- 

 den, Ant hobo thrium, V. Beneden (new species, Anthobothrium 

 perfectum and Anthoh. giganteum), TetrarhynchuSy Rud. (new spe- 

 cies, Tetrarh, tenuis and Tetrarh. Erinaceus), Echinobothrium, V. 

 Beneden, Tricuspidaria, and Ligula. Under Tceniaj the author 

 remarks that the species which live in fishes appear never to 

 have hooks at the fore part of the head ; also that in vegetable- 

 feeding mammals Tmnim occur mostly without hooks. Under 

 Tcenia solium the author records his experiments, in which, after 

 giving the eggs of this tape- worm to a pig, Cysticercus celluloscR 

 was produced; he records also the experiments with eggs of 

 T<2nia coenurus from the dog (conducted also by Eschricht and 

 Leuckart), by which sheep at the end of seventeen days showed 

 the first symptoms of vertiginous disease. This tape-worm of 

 the dog agrees, according to V. Beneden, with Tcenia serrata. 

 Very conclusive experiments on the production of this Tcenia 

 serrattty after the use of Cysticercus pisiformis, were performed by 

 him on various dogs, which were opened in Paris in the presence 

 of Milne-Edwards, Quatrefages, and Valenciennes : Van Beneden 

 predicted in which of the dogs the tape-worms would be found 

 (those, namely, which had swallowed the said Cysticercus^), A 

 very small species, found in dogs, Tcenia nana, is a production of 

 Echinococcus. Under the genus Tcenia the author announces 

 two new species, Tcenia Gallinulce and Tcenia melanocephala, — the 

 first met with in a water-hen (Gallinula chloropus), the last in a 

 mandril. 



The second part of Van Beneden^s work treats of the anatomy of 



* Note ajoutee aux pp. 154-157 : " L'experience paraissait decisive auas 

 yeux de tout le monde exceptd li M. Valenciennes." 



