the Carinthian Highlands. 343 



tremely rare and little known. Found on the most abrupt and ele- 

 vated declivities, and where the vegetation was most scanty. In 

 these desert spots they hover singly, with slow motion, over the 

 scattered patches of turf overgrown with the common gray lichen. 

 The Moharkopf near Dollach, and the precipices above the Pasterze 

 at Heiligenblut, are its haunts. Its season the latter half of July. 



Argynnis selene*. A. euphrosyne, I found a specimen on the lower 

 Sattel, at the height of 5000 feet. A. dia**. A. pales, common in 

 Carinthia over all alpine meadows from 5000 to 8000 feet elevation, 

 where it is found about the various species of Hieracium abundant 

 there. On the highest alps the females have the wings darker- co- 

 loured, sometimes with a steel-blue gloss, or entirely white shaded 

 with black. Both these varieties pair with the common form. 

 A. hecate, ino (amathusia), latona, niobe, adippe, aglaia, paphia*, 

 var. valesina, found in Moell-dale, $ only, and paired with the com- 

 mon A.paphia. This new species therefore must be struck out of 

 our lists. It is related to paphia as Ml to pales. A. paphia was 

 abundant in the spots where valesina occurred. 



Vanessa cardui**, everywhere, extending even to the highest alps. 

 V. atalanta, io, antiopa, polychloros, xanthomelas** . V. urticce**, in 

 all states, on the highest alpine meadows. V. c-album*. V. prorsa ; 

 I found the caterpillar not rare, with its web, among the leaves of 

 Urtica dioeca, on the way from Bockstein to Nassfeld on the 31st of 

 July. A month later the butterfly was abundant in the valley of the 

 Salzach. 



Limenitis cucilla, sibilla, carilla, populi*. 



Apatura iris, ilia, var. clytie*, var. eos, a fine specimen taken in 

 Moell-dale. 



Hipparchia proserpina, hermione, alcyone, briseis, semele, statilina, 

 pheedra*. H. aello, very rare, about the rocky slopes above the 

 glacier near Heiligenblut. The specimens taken in the beginning of 

 August were already much wasted. H.janira*, eudora, hyperan- 

 thus**. H. dejanira*. H. hiera, on the way to the Leiter, near Hei- 

 ligenblut. H. mcera, megcera, cegeria, galathea var. leucomelas*. H. 

 cassiope, single specimens found in the elevated meadows on the 

 road to the Pasterze ; more common in the Gems-grube. H. pharte, 

 a few specimens below the Tauernhaus in the valley towards Kauris, 

 after the middle of August. H. melampus, in open spots among the 

 stunted firs ; generally diffused, but nowhere common. H. pyrrha, 

 only in the little mountain meadows under the Platte near Heiligen- 

 blut : not common. H. medusa*. H. nerine, one of the rarer alpine 

 species. I found only three wasted specimens, on the 3rd of August, 

 in wooded rocky spots on the lower Sattel. It seems not to extend 

 beyond the wooded region, as it likes shady places. H. medea, ligea**; 

 of the former species fine varieties. H. euryale, common on the 

 way from Bockstein to the Nassfeld : rarer in Carinthia. H.pronoe, 

 one of the commonest kinds in the alps. H. gorge, at the Leiter, on 

 the rocks of the tarn of Zirknitz, and about the Astner plains near 

 Doellach, sparingly. II. manto ; this rare butterfly frequents the 

 highest spots of the fells of Nassfeld and Mallnitz, as well as the 



