Meteorological Observations. 431 



NEW SPECIES OF VOLUTE. 



Voluta Sophia. Shell ovate, ventricose, white with minute red 

 dots, and a few series of irregular red spots ; last whorl ventricose, 

 with a series of large conical tubercles behind ; spire very short ; 

 the apex rather produced, rounded, crenulated. 



Hab. North Australia, Endeavour Sound. 



This species is most like Voluta cymbiola, but much more ventri- 

 cose and shorter. The spire of the older specimen is covered with 

 a callous secretion. — J. E. Gray. 



METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS FOR OCT. 1846. 



Chiswick. — October 1. Foggy: fine: overcast. 2. Hazy: very fine: rain. 3, 



4. Very fine. 5. Cloudy. 6. Overcast: rain. 7. Fine : rain. 8. Clear: 

 cloudy : rain. 9. Rain. 10. Boisterous : rain. 11. Fine: rain. 12. Foggy. 

 13. Slight rain : cloudy : clear. 14. Densely overcast : heavy rain. 15. Rain: 

 cloudy : clear. 16. Clear: fine: rain at night. 17. Slight fog. 18. Heavy 

 and continued rain. 19. Foggy : cloudy and fine : clear. 20. Hazy : very fine : 

 clear. 21. Heavy rain: boisterous, 22. Cloudy : boisterous. 23. Fine: clear: 

 slight frost at night. 24. Rain : fine : rain. 25. Cloudy. 26. Foggy. 27. Hazy : 

 fine : foggy at night. 28. Dense fog. 29. Cloudy : slight rain. 30. Hazy : 

 overcast: clear. 31. Foggy. 



Mean temperature of the month 50 o, 37 



Mean temperature of Oct. 1845 49 "96 



Average mean temperature of Oct. for the last twenty years . 50 *43 

 Average amount of rain in Oct 2*58 inches. 



Boston. — Oct. I. Fine. 2. Cloudy and foggy : rain a.m. and p.m. 3. Cloudy. 

 4 Fine. 5. Cloudy: rain p.m. 6. Fine. 7,8. Cloudy : rain early a.m. 9. 

 Rain : rain early a.m. : rain a.m. 10. Stormy. 1 1. Fine : rain p.m. 12. Cloudy: 

 rain p.m. 13. Windy. 14. Rain : rain a.m. and p.m. 15. Fine. 16. Fine: 

 rain early a.m. 17. Cloudy : rain early a.m. 18. Cloudy : rain a.m. and p.m 

 19. Fine. 20. Rain : rain early a.m. 21. Rain and stormy : rain early a.m. : 

 rain a.m. 22. Cloudy : rain p.m. 23. Cloudy. 24. Rain : rain early a.m. 

 25. Fine. 26—28. Foggy. 29. Cloudy. 30, 31. Foggy.— The past month 

 has been an extraordinary moist one. 



Sandwick Manse, Orkney. — Oct. 1, 2. Cloudy : clear. 3. Bright : clear. 4, 



5. Bright : hazy. 6. Cloudy : rain. 7. Clear : hazy : aurora. 8. Bright : clear. 



9. Bright: rain. 10. Rain : cloudy. 11. Bright : rain. 12. Cloudy : showers. 

 13. Cloudy. 14. Rain. 15. Rain : showers : aurora. 16. Bright : clear : aurora. 

 17. Fine: damp. 18. Bright: cloudy. 19. Rain: cloudy: aurora. 20. Bright: 

 cloudy. 21. Cloudy : rain. 22. Bright: showers: aurora. 23. Showers: cloudy. 

 24. Cloudy : showers : aurora. 25. Bright : clear : aurora. 26. Frost : cloudy. 

 27. Frost: bright : clear : aurora. 28. Cloudy. 29,30. Rain : drops. 31. 

 Showers : cloudy. 



Applegarth Manse, Dumfries-shire. — Oct. 1. Rain a.m.: cleared: fine. 2,3. 

 Fair and fine. 4. Fair, but raw : threatening. 5. Showers. 6. Violent showers 

 p.m. 7. Violent showers p.m. : thunder. 8. Violent showers p.m. 9. Rain all day. 



10. Showers. 11. Rain p.m. 12. Showers. 13. Fine and fair. 14. Heavy 

 rain. 15. Fair and fine. 16. Rain p.m. : thunder. 17. Slight showers. 18. 

 Slight showers p.m. 19. Frequent showers. 20. Showers a.m. : cleared. 21. 

 Showers a.m. 22, 23. Fair. 24. Heavy rain. 25. Fair and clear. 26. Frost : 

 clear. 27. Frost: cloudy. 28. Fair and fine. 29. Slight showers. 30. Rain 

 a.m. : cleared. 31. Slight shower p.m. 



Mean temperature of the month 49°\5 



Mean temperature of Oct. 1845 49 '6 



Mean temperature of Oct. for twenty-three years 46 '4 



Mean rain in Oct. for eighteen years 3£ inches. 



