422 Zoological Society. 



ral aspect being intermediate between that of the Ox and that of the 

 Sheep, has generally been placed among the Bovine forms. Taking 

 the aggregate of its characters, it appears to me to be at least as 

 nearly, if not more, allied to the Sheep, but should most properly 

 stand alone. 



The remaining genera constitute the true Bovine type, and agree 

 among themselves in most characters of the skull. I fear that Mr. 

 Gray's distinctions, in the extent of the intermaxillary bones upon the 

 sides of the nasal aperture, will not always hold good. Their general 

 cranial character may be given first ; — 



No suborbital fissure, nor fossa ; the masseteric ridge ascending 

 rather high before the orbit ; the auditory bulla moderate, com- 

 pressed ; the basioccipital bone with its tubercles well-developed, 

 and a deep groove between them ; the incisors nearly equal-sized, 

 slightly bending outwards, and the molars with well-developed sup- 

 plemental lobes. 



Bos. 



Horns placed upon the extremities of the ridge terminating the 

 occipital plane, directed outwards. 

 Hab. Europe and Asia. 



B. taurus. B. gaurus. 



B. frontalis. B. bantiger. 



Bison. 



Horns round, situated in a plane anterior to that of the occiput, 

 directed outwards and curved upwards. 

 Hab. The Northern Temperate regions. 



B. urus. B. grunniens. 



B. Americanus. 



The last-named species is a true Bison, as the position of the horns, 

 and the woolly fur, make apparent ; the fur being generally more 

 copious, may reasonably be expected to extend further upon the 

 muzzle ; and the generality of instances proves that the extent of 

 naked surface may differ in very nearly allied species, and is not 

 sufficient to warrant generic distinction. Therefore I do not think it 

 advisable to adopt the genus Poephagus. 



BUBALUS. 



Horns attached in a plane anterior to that of the occiput, flattened 

 or trigonal, inclined outwards and backwards, with the point bending 

 upwards. 



Hab. Southern Asia, its islands, and Africa. 



B. buffelus. B. depressicornis. 



B. brachycerus. B. Caffer. 



Although Major Smith was deceived as to the affinities of the 

 Anoa, later as well as earlier naturalists have assigned it to its true 

 place, and a glance at the stuffed specimen in the British Museum 

 leaves the matter beyond a doubt. I have examined the skull in the 



