20 MB. BUNBTJBY ON THE BOTANY OF MADEIBA. 



Atlantic continent. It is probable that the botanical character of 

 the lower parts of those islands has been very materially changed 

 since they were first occupied by Europeans, and we can hardly 

 now hope to determine with precision how much of the European 

 element of their flora is due to transport by winds or by birds, 

 how much to the indirect agency of man, and how much to other 

 causes. 



2. The second, and most interesting element of the flora of 

 Madeira, consists of Macaronesian plants ; species either peculiar 

 to that island, or common to it with the Canaries, or with the 

 Azores, or with both, but confined to those groups. To this 

 category belong several of the Eerns already enumerated, and the 

 following pheenogamous plants may serve as further examples* : — 



I. Plants appabently pectjliab to Madeiba. * 



Sinapidendron frutescens, Lowe. 



Matthiola Maderensis, Lowe (the distinctness of this species 

 may perhaps be doubtful). 



Lotus glaucus, Soland. 



Chamcemeles coriacea, Lindl. 



Sempervivum glutinosum, Soland. 



S. tabulceforme, Haw. 



Saccifraga Maderensis, Don. 



Helichrysum obconicum, DC. 



H. melanophthalmum, DC. 



Calendula Maderensis, DC. 



Senecio crassifolius, var. (3, DC, ($. incrassatus, Lowe.) 



Tolpis pectinata, DC. 



T. macrorhiza, DC. 



T.fruticosa, DC. 



Sonchus ustulatus, Lowe. 



Musschia aurea, DC. (= Campanula aurea, L.) 



Sibthorpia peregrina, L. (= Disandra prostrata, Linn, fil.) 



JEchium fastuosum. 



Sideritis Massoniana, Benth. 



Teucrium betonicum. 



jBlantago Maderensis, Decaisne (is it really distinct from P. 

 arbor escens ?). 



* I am not at present able to give complete lists of the plants comprehended 

 in these several categories, but must content myself with enumerating a few 

 conspicuous examples. 



