94 Rev. M. J. Berkeley on the Fructification of the 



In all these species it will be observed the reproductive 

 bodies are naked spores, and that, except in Ag. flexuosus, the 

 arrangement is almost uniformly quaternary. The exceptions 

 are very rare, and no more invalidate the general rule than 

 occasional additions or suppressions of parts in phaenogamous 

 plants. In all, the major axis of the spores is vertical to the 

 gills, and in general they are placed rather obliquely upon the 

 spicules. 



But this description of the spores and their arrangement 

 applies with slight modifications to other pileate Hymenomy- 

 cetes. In all, the reproductive bodies are naked spores seated 

 upon spicules which crown the sporophores, and in the ge- 

 nera which most abound in species the arrangement appears 

 to be in general quaternary, though in some genera the num- 

 ber four does not prevail. It must be confessed, however, 

 that a sufficient number of species have not yet been examined 

 to warrant any general conclusion. 



In Cantharellus cibarius, Fr., and C. tubaformis, Fr., the 

 spores are six, seated upon rather long spicules disposed in 

 pairs so as to form an ellipse, two pairs forming a square in 

 the narrow part of the ellipse, and the other seated at the 

 apices of the major axis • : : • ; or five by the suppression of 

 one of the spores belong to the single pair. In Canth. cornu- 

 copioides, Fr., there is only a single pair, apparently from the 

 suppression of the four which form a square. In Canth, fis- 

 silis, Fr., the spores are solitary, but still seated on spicules. 

 Polyporus squamosus, Fr., has quaternate spores. 



Boletus subtomentosus, Linn. Boletus luridus, Schaeff. 

 ■ pachypus, Fr. scaber, Bull. 



Have the spores quaternate. There are also acuminate utri- 

 cles, generally furnished with an articulation towards the tip. 

 In Hydnum repandum, L., the spores vary from three to five. 

 In Hydnum farinaceum, Pers., they are solitary, which is pro- 

 bably the case in most of the lower resupinate Fungi. 



Thelephora laciniata, Pers. Thelephora purpurea, Pers. 



- ■ cristata, Fr. 



The arrangement is in these quaternate. In the latter there 

 are cylindrical utricles, and probably the bristles in Thel. rubi- 

 yinosa, &c. are of the same nature. 



