with an Account of its Development. 493 



June 10., when it had assumed the permanent colouring of 

 the imago. It appeared to have been completely exhausted 

 by its violent exertions on May 5., for it did not again ex- 

 hibit the least signs of life until June 15.; when it began to 

 move its legs slightly, and strove to open its mandibles, also 

 slightly moving its palpi, which were protruded from the 

 cavity beneath the head. No part of the body appears to 

 have been covered with a pellicle, except the antennae, and 

 this film now began to shrivel up. So soon as it had aroused 

 sufficiently from its lethargy, and its limbs had acquired a 

 freer motion, it gradually and occasionally rubbed its tarsi 

 together, as a man would rub his hands, and now and then 

 drew up its legs, especially the hinder ones, as if stretching. 

 When thus fully developed, it freed itself from its cell, 

 walked out upon the stick about a couple of inches, stood 

 for a second, gave a convulsive shudder, and ejected the me- 

 conium. It now began to move its anterior legs very briskly; 

 combed its antennae, thus freeing them from the shriveled 

 pellicle which covered them ; opened and closed its wings, but 

 seemed in no haste to make use of them ; nor has it been 

 observed how soon it begins to fly. 



I may here remark that Ratzeberg's observations * are 

 thus confirmed ; viz. that the head of the pupa takes the first 

 two segments of the larva, and that the larva distinctly con- 

 sists of fourteen segments. But here, again, as I observed 

 in a note attached to the translation of Burmeister, the insect 

 examined is a male insect ; and 1 have subsequently met with 

 no sufficient reason why there should not be a difference 

 in the number of segments in the sexes. I will therefore 

 now proceed to describe my insect. 



M. Wesmael of Brussels published, in 1833, a monograph 

 of the genus Odynerus Latr. 9 which he divided into three 

 families, all of which we possess in England. The characters 

 of these families, which he has since, in the work cited at the 

 commencement of this paper, raised to subgenera, but which 

 I consider of full generic value, I need only give briefly 

 below, as they will be contained, with a description of all the 

 species, in the appendix to my Essay on the Bees of Great 

 Britain ; but I may here remark that the type of the genus 

 Odynerus being the Vespa muraria, which he considers 

 the female of the Vespa spinipes, the generic name of 

 Odynerus must be retained for that division hitherto known 

 to English entomologists as the MS. genus Epiponef of 



* Nova Acta, t. xvi. pt. i. p. 144. 



f The genus Epipone is first named by Latreille in his Hist. Nat., t. 13., 

 where, as well as in the last edition of the Regne Animal, he instances 



