208 Swiss Diurnal Lepidoptera. 



differ from that of the fir one, but, although scattered 

 beech trees occur at a considerable elevation, there are 

 very few instances of their constituting a forest to the 

 height of 4000 ft. above the sea; in the same districts 

 the fir forests extend to nearly 6000 ft., which, how- 

 ever, is far above their usual limit.) In the valleys of 

 Grindelwald, Lauterbrunnen, &c, a few individuals are 

 not unfrequently found in July and August. 



19. Lathcmitf. Very common on dry meadows, paths, and 



open woods ; double-brooded. 



20. Nlobtf. Appears about Berne more rarely and always 



earlier than the following species. In the Alpine val- 

 leys, and on the Lower Alps, the female, especially, 

 has its colour and markings very dark. 



21. Adippe. Common in July and August in meadows and 



Alpine valleys. On the north side of our Alpine chain 

 I have never taken the variety without silvery spots, 

 which I have often found in transalpine Switzerland ; 

 as between Lugano and Bellinzona, where, on the 

 contrary, those with silvery spots are less frequently 

 seen. 



22. Aglai«. In July and August, common everywhere. In 



Alpine valleys, as Grindelwald, the female is often very 

 large and dark-coloured, sometimes with a slight tint 

 of violet. 



23. Paphifl. In July and August, in the open glades of fo- 



rests everywhere. Ochsenheimer's valesina is a 

 variety not rare about Brieg and the Viescherwald in 

 the Upper Valais. (This variety is now decidedly rare.) 



24. Pandonz. Near Martigny, Fouly, &c., in the Lower Va- 



lais, where I have found it in a glade (waldwiese). It 

 flies in the middle of June. 



Vane'ss.^. 



25. cardui. Everywhere; some years few or none, others 



most abundant. I have even found it on the Seidel- 

 horn (a mountain above the Grimsel, rising 9210 En- 

 glish feet above the sea). 



26. Atalanta. Equally common, particularly in autumn. 



27. To. In spring and August ; appears frequently to pass 



the winter in its perfect state. 



28. Antiop<z. Not rare in August ; later ones survive the 



winter, and appear on warm winter days, or early in 

 spring, with faded white margins, usually much tat- 

 tered. 



29. Polychl6ro5. Common. The rare variety described un- 



