prevalent Disorders, tyc, with Volcanic Emanations. 153 



India hurricanes, and what has occurred during gales off our 

 own shores : we may, therefore, generally expect extremely 

 disorderly tides during the prevalence of high winds from 

 particular points of the compass. It is a well-known fact, 

 that, during a tremendous gale from n.e., in the Gulf of 

 Mexico, in Sept. 1759, the Tortugas and other islands were 

 completely buried under water, together with the highest 

 trees in Larga ; so that a vessel anchored over Elliot's Island, 

 and, when the sea retired, the anchor was left, high and dry, 

 on a tree (Q. R., xiv. 374?.) : thus literally verifying what 

 Horace has said respecting a flood in ancient times : — 



" Omne quum Proteus pecus egit altos 



Visere montes, 

 Piscium et summa genus haesit ulmo, 

 Nota quae sedes fuerat columbis, 

 Et superjecto pavidae natarunt 



iEquore damae." Od. 1, 2, 7. 



Nevertheless, inasmuch as the winds which occasion these 

 high tides are themselves produced by heat, and that heat 

 may sometimes be the consequence of volcanic action, the 

 tides themselves enter properly into our calculations. 



Occurrences of this kind are not, however, confined to the 

 present, or any very recent, period. History, both ancient 

 and modern, attests the exhibition of all the events we have 

 treated of, at particular epochs ; and " the earth has always 

 presented phenomena," as Fuchsal justly has observed, M si- 

 milar to those of the present day ; " but our present object is 

 to show the coincident concurrence of these phenomena in 

 connection with derangements of the terrestrial organism. 

 Thus Holingshead points out the year 1040 as a year when 

 there were unusually large tides, as well as inundations, earth- 

 quakes, and a frost at midsummer. (Hist. Scotland, p. 238.) 

 So, again, from Nov. 11. 1085 to April 1. 1086, the Rhine 

 was passable on foot; and, in 1114 (14th of Henry I.), the 

 Thames was so dried up between the Tower and London 

 Bridge, and under the bridge, that horse and footmen, 

 women, and children passed and repassed daily on foot. 

 (Stowe, fyc.) 



The following cases are also in point, when compared with 

 the seasons of 1833 and 1834 : — 



Crusius (Chronicles of Suabia for 1186) mentions that the 

 winters of the years 1186 and 1187 were extraordinarily 

 mild ; that trees blossomed in January ; apples, as big as nuts, 

 occurred in February ; corn was harvested in May, and the 

 vintage was gathered in August: while 1188 was unusually 

 severe on April 25.; and, in 1180, many towns in England 



