Dr. A. Philippi's Zoological Notices, 93 



making the direct observation, that in effect Zoe is nothing 

 more than the first stage of Pagurus. 



On the 13th of March of this year, I found in Palermo, in a 

 basin in which I kept several sea animals, to my great joy, 

 about a dozen individuals of Zoe, but unfortunately already all 

 dead. I hastened to examine them under the microscope as 

 well as possible. The next morning I found to my great sur- 

 prise the same basin, in which I had the previous day fished 

 out with great trouble a dozen Zoe, quite filled with several 

 hundred Zoe. I had among other animals in the basin a Pa- 

 gurus hungarus, Herbst., which sat in a Natica millepuncta : 

 I immediately conceived the suspicion that the Zoe must be 

 its young, broke carefully the Natica, and found, in fact, the 

 ovary of the Pagurus nearly quite empty, while in the remain- 

 ing ova I distinctly recognised the little Zoe. I freed it with 

 some trouble from the tunics (Eihauten of the ovum). These 

 small Zoe were perfectly transparent, with black eyes, a red spot 

 in the medial line immediately behind the eyes, and at times 

 with a second red stripe before the anus. These red spots are 

 evidently in the intestinal canal, and are remains of the yelk. 

 The cephalothorax occupies two-fifths of the length of the ani- 

 mal, and is prolongated in front into an apparently horizontal 

 beak, posteriorly rounded, behind the eyes slightly con- 

 stricted. The neighbourhood of the eyes projects vesicularly. 

 The abdomen is not quite twice as long and five-articulated. 

 The four first segments are cylindrical and gradually increase 

 in length ; the last has the form of a fan, and bears twelve ra- 

 diately-placed spines, of which the outer ones are the short- 

 est. The eyes are sessile, very large, black, reticulately lat- 

 ticed. The exterior antennae are biramificate, and originate 

 on the under side ; their common petiole scarcely projects 

 to the margin of the cephalothorax ; the outer branch is 

 pretty broad, terminates exteriorly with a spine, and bears at 

 its apex a number of bristles : the inner branch is shorter, 

 much narrower, and bears only two bristles. Between the 

 two ramifications there is another short semifalcate, slightly 

 ciliated member. The inner antennae are as long as the outer 

 ones, narrow, biarticulated, and terminate with two bristles. 

 Of all the other organs I only recognised the two perfectly si- 

 milar pair of feet, which are biramificate, and recall to mind 

 Cyclops. The outer branch is triarticulated, the inner some- 

 what stronger one quadriarticulated. The terminal joint is 

 in both short and acute, and furnished with long bristles. 

 All the longer bristles of the feet, as well as those of the an- 

 tennae, are ciliated. 



Fig 7. Zoe, the young of Pagurus hungarus, Hevbst, very highly magnified. 

 Fig. 8. The same, still in the egg, likewise very highly magnified. 



