Meteorological Observations. 399 



Facility of Water Communication in the Northern Parts of South 

 America. — A short portage of about seven to eight hundred yards 

 separates the basin of the Amazon from that of the Essequibo ; and 

 by traversing this portage during the rainy season the river Amazon 

 and the upper Orinoco may be entirely reached from Demerara by 

 inland navigation. So great is the facility for water communication 

 in that part of South America, that by traversing the portage above 

 alluded to, and by constructing a canal of about three miles' length, 

 between the Guapore, a branch of the Marmore and Madeira, and 

 the Rio Aquapehi, a branch of the Jaura and Paraguay, an inland 

 navigation would be opened between Demerara and Buenos Ayres 

 over an extent of forty- two degrees of latitude. The river Napo 

 offers communication with Quito, the Ucayali with Cuzco, the Hu- 

 allaga with Lima. Ascending the Rio Negro, and entering the 

 Orinoco by the natural canal the Cassiquiare, its tributary the Meta 

 offers an uninterrupted navigation to New Grenada, and within 

 eight miles of Santa Fe de Bogota.— Schomburgk's MSS. 



METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS FOR NOV. 1840. 



Chiswick.-^- November 1. Foggy: rain. 2. Showery: fine. 3. Foggy. 4. 

 Dense fog : clear and fine. 5. Rain : fine : rain at night. 6, 7. Rain. 8. Clear 

 and fine. 9. Boisterous. 10. Cloudy and fine. 11. Hazy: rain. 12. Clear. 

 13. Boisterous with rain; barometer very low. 14. Clear. 15. Fine. 16. 

 Cloudy and windy. 17. Stormy with heavy rain. 18. Heavy rain. 19. Rain: 

 fine. 20. Very fine. 21. Stormy with rain. 22 — 24. Fine. 25. Dense fog. 

 26. Sharp frost. 27, 28. Very dense fog. 29. Foggy : fine. 30. Overcast. 



Boston. — Nov. 1. Fine : lightning p.m. 2. Stormy. 3, 4. Cloudy. 5. Rain: 

 rain early a.m. 6. Cloudy: rain a.m. 7. Cloudy. 8. Fine. 9. Cloudy: rain 

 early a.m. : rain a.m. 10,11. Fine. 12. Cloudy. 13. Rain arid stormy : rain 

 early a.m. 14. Cloudy. 15. Fine. 16. Cloudy : rain early a.m. 17. Cloudy: 

 rain a.m. and p.m. 18. Fine. 19. Cloudy: rain a.m. and p.m. 20. Fine. 21. 

 Rain and stormy. 22. Cloudy: rain early a.m. 23. Rain: rain early a.m. 

 24—30. Fine. 



Applegarth Manse, Dumfries-shire. — Nov. 1. Dull, cloudy, and moist. 2. 

 Showery all day. 3. Very fine. 4. Wet nearly all day. 5, 6. Occasional show- 

 ers. 7. Wet a.m. : cleared up. 8. Slight showers. 9. Rain a.m. : cloudy all 

 day. 10. Rain a.m. : moist p.m. 11. Thick fog all day. 12. Cloudy and 

 watery. 13. Wet and stormy. 14. Fair after rain during night. 15. Fair and 

 fine : frosty morning. 16. Rain and high wind. 17. Fair but dull and threaten- 

 ing. 18, 19. Frost: clear. 20. Thaw: cloudy. 21. Heavy rain a.m. : cleared. 

 22. Fair all day. 23. Rain early a.m. 24. Fair throughout and warm. 25. 

 Drizzling day. 26. Frost. 27. Frost : very hard. 28. Frost: threatened 

 change. 29. Cloudy: drizzling. 30. Moist without rain. 



Sun shone out 21 days. Rain fell 16 days. Fog 1 day. Frost 6 days. 



Wind north 1 day. North-east $ day. East-north -east 1 day. East 5 days. 

 East by south 5 days. South-east 2 days. South 2 days. South-west 5 days. 

 West-south-west 1 day. West 1 day. West-north-west 3 days. North-west 2| 

 days. North -north -west 1 day. 



Calm 14 days. Moderate 7 days. Brisk 3 days. Strong breeze 2 days. 

 Boisterous 1 day. Stormy 3 days. 



Mean temperature of the month 41°-20 



Mean temperature of November, 1839 ... 43 *37 

 Mean temperature of spring-water 45 *60 



