196 



Mr. J. McClelland on Indian Cyprinidae. 



from my analysis of Indian Cyprinidae, to be equivalent groups, 

 and thus show at once how far this family of fishes is calcu- 

 lated to exemplify the great leading principles of analogy dis- 

 covered by Mr. MacLeay. 



Fam. of 

 Cyprinidae. 



Paeon ominae... 



Orders of the 

 Mammalia. 



i 



Analogical Characters. 

 Typical. 

 Pre-eminent in their"] 

 powers of prehension, ( 

 and in general organi- )>Quadrumanag 

 zation; claws, spines or | 



Orders of 

 Birds. 



Tribes of 

 Insessores. 



Insessores. Conirostres. 



nails not acute. 



Subtypical. 



f Rapacious, feeding upon") 



Sarcoborine. J live animals ; claws or I 



> other organs of torture f 



L acute. J 



Aberrant. 

 Natatorial. 



rHead or rostrum flat and! 

 lartrp • nnfprinr pvfrp- I 



•Ferae Raptores. Dentirostres. 



Platycara and 



large ; 



i , mities more developed v C * etacea 

 Pcecilianae A in proportion than the f 

 posterior — habits car- j 

 L nivorous. J 



Suctorial. 



/"Size diminutive; upper"] 



Natatores. Fissirostres. 



Psilorhynchus 



J jaw, mandible or snout 

 "S prolonged ; run, fly, or 

 L swim very fast. J 



VGli 



ires Grallatores. Tenuirostres. 



Rasorial. 



f Head ornamented either"] 

 j with horns or soft ap- I 



Cobitinae < pendages — habits gra- >Ungulata 



| nivorous or herbivo- j 

 (_ rous. J 



Rasores. Scansores. 



50. It would be too much to expect from the materials of 

 one zoological province to demonstrate satisfactorily all the 

 properties of natural groups in the minor divisions of this fa- 

 mily. That its typical and subtypical groups are circular is 

 plain enough, from the diminution in the length of the intes- 

 tinal canal we experience in passing from the Cirrhins to the 

 Barbels ; and again, from the Barbels through the Gono- 

 rhynchs to the Gudgeons that canal becomes longer, indi- 

 cating an union between the latter and the group from which 

 we set out. 



The same thing is observed in passing from the Systoms 

 through the Opsarions, Perilamps and Leuciscs ; a tendency 



