314 Miscellaneous. 



MISCELLANEOUS. 



Three new species of Monkey ; with Remarks on the genera Semnopi- 

 thecus et Macacus. By B. H. Hodgson, Esq. 



Whoever has occasion to refer to the family of the Simiada in 

 works of zoology, will, I think, be struck with the fugitive and 

 doubtful manner in which several proximate forms are generically 

 separated from each other ; and this impression is peculiarly likely 

 to arise, if the reference be made with a view to classifying the ordi- 

 nary Indian species. Are the larger ones (Langoors) Semnopitheci 

 or Cercopitheci ? Are the smaller ones (Bander) Macaci aut alium 

 quid ? It is universally laid down, that the Semnopitheci and Cerco- 

 pitheci both have cheek-pouches ; yet is there not really any trace 

 whatever of these pouches in their prototypes, the Langoors of India, 

 not at least in those of Nepal : and whilst Cuvier's type of the former 

 genus has andromorphous canines, Horsfield's has these teeth as 

 formidably developed as in the true Carnivora ; the difference in this 

 case being consequent only on nonage or feminity, though insisted 

 on by authors as essentially diagnostic of separate types or genera. 



Again, what animal exhibits the typical characters of Macacus ? 

 If Rhesus, then are our Indian Banders not Macaci, as generally al- 

 leged, for they have neither the elongated snout nor the very short 

 tail of that species : nor are their canines longer than in the Lan- 

 goors, to which they bear a strict likeness in the outline of the pro- 

 file and in the facial angle ; the only differences in these respects 

 being caused by the greater dip between the brows at the base of 

 the nose, owing to the superior saliency of the orbital bones, and by 

 the shortness of the round terminal nares. 



Without further preface, I shall now proceed to give a summary 

 description of our Nepalese species of Langoor and of Bander, pre- 

 fixing to each an amended indication of the generic character, for the 

 reasons above assigned. 



SlMIADfi. 



Genus Semnopithecus. 



Generic character. Facial angle 45 to 50 ; face flat; nose short, 

 with long, narrow, lateral, nares; head depressed ; limbs long; thumbs 

 small, remote ; callosities large ; no cheek-pouches ; fifth tubercle 

 on the last molar present or absent (a trivial idle mark) ; canines va- 

 riable, large only in grown males, for the most part ; stomach sac- 

 culated and banded as well as intestine ; tail very long, commonly 

 tufted, and usually exceeding the length of the animal. Very agile ; 

 grave deportment ; gregarious ; not docile. 



Species new. Schistaceus hodie (Nipalensis of Catalogue) . Habit 

 of Maurus. Dark slaty above ; below and the entire head, pale yel- 

 low ; mere hands and feet somewhat darkened or concolorous with 

 the body above ; a pencil of black hairs radiating upwards from the 

 brows, concolorous ; tail longer than the body, and more or less 

 tufted ; skin black ; nude on face, and on last phalanges of anterior 

 digits ; hair on the crown short and radiated, on the cheeks long, 



