416 



Dr. Fitton on the Strata 



given to the beds by the workmen. — 



1. " Rag:* Oolite. 



2. « Soft-stuff." . . 



3. " Upper Head,'" including 

 3*. " Pot-lids:' 



A. >■' Manure^'' or *^ Race:\ . . §• J . 0^ 



5. '* Cap:' 



6. " Lower-head:' 



7. " Bottom-stuff: 



8. Floor, like No. 7. 



1. The '* Rag" which forms the roof, is a coarse soft calcareous stone, 

 more or less oolitic. 



2. The ''Soft-stuff" occupying about six inches, consists of yellowish 

 very sandy clay, including thin courses of fibrous transparent gypsum. 



3. The " Upper head" from fifteen to eighteen inches thick, is com- 

 posed of sand, of various consistency and fineness of grain, containing 

 towards the lower part large flat or spheroidal concretions, of calca- 

 reous grit pervaded by oolitic particles, — which are most abundant in 

 irregular seams parallel to the strata, and are rendered conspicuous by 

 the darker greenish hue of the paste in which they are enveloped. 

 These concretions, from a coarse resemblance, are called " Pot-lids" -^ 

 and the rock which they consist of, with all the other useful stone of 

 the pits, bears the common name of " Pendle:' — It has in several places 

 the character of a conglomerate ; including smooth rounded pebbles of 

 various sizes, cemented by oolite, and themselves also, composed princi- 

 pally of hard sparry oolitic stone, which ditFers very little from the 

 cement except in form. 



4. The " Manure"^ or " Race" consists of slaty friable sand-rock, 

 effervescing strongly with acids, and including glittering particles appa- 



