CLASSIFICATION OF MAMMALIA. 189 



Animals typically. 



1. Fer,e carnivorous 1. Raptores. 



2. Primates ... omnivorous 2. Insessores. 



3. Glires frugivorous 3. Rasores. 



4. Ungulata... frequenting the vicinity of water . 4. Grallatores. 



5. Cetacea — aquatic 5. Natatores." 



{Linn. Trans, vol. xvi. p. 26.) 



In the subjoined Plate some figures are given of the prin- 

 cipal modifications of the locomotive and masticatory organs 

 referred to in the preceding classifications. 



Fig. 1. The lower extremity of Man. 



Fig. 2. The corresponding extremity in the Ape. 



Fig. 3. Lion. 



Fig. 4. ' Rhinoceros. 



Fig. 5. Antelope. 



Fig. 6. Seal. 



In the figures of the dentary organs or secondary charac- 

 ters, those animals have been selected of which descriptions 

 have been given in this work. 



Fig. 7« (from the Bear), shows the three kinds of teeth cha- 

 racteristic of the first two orders of the Unguiculata ; the 

 lines a, Z>, c, d, e are drawn respectively behind the incisors, 

 laniaries, spurious, sectorious, and tuberculate molaries : 

 this subdivision of the latter kind of teeth becoming necessary 

 in the Carnivora, where their form is modified, as the terms 

 indicate, for cutting as well as grinding. In the Quadrumana 

 they are of a more uniform structure. 



The dental formula of the genus Ursus is as follows : — 

 Dent. prim. -1, Ian. LL, mol. |£. 



Fig. 8. Fasciated Kangaroo. 



Dental formula of the genus Halmaturus, Fr. Cuv. — Dent, 

 prim. A, Ian. ° mol. ||-. 



Fig. 9. Canada Porcupine. 



Dental formula of the genus Synetheres, Fr. Cuv. — Dent, 

 prim. 4-> mol, -* . 



* 2 ; 4.4 



In this figure the jaws are turned so as to show the grind- 

 ing surfaces of the molar teeth, and the manner in which the 

 enamel is intermixed with the ivory of the tooth. The figures 

 which the enamel thus forms vary in the different genera of 

 Bodentia, but are always more or less transverse ; and the 

 structure of the joints of the jaw is such as to give the grind- 

 ing motions a direction backwards and forwards. 



Fig. 10. Weasel-headed Armadillo. 



Dental formula of the genus Dasyjms, Fr. Cuv.— Dent, 

 prim, -f-, Ian. ±, mol. g- 



