OF WASHINGTON. 119 



who introduced me to his assistants charged with the laboratory 

 experiments on mosquitoes. The work being done is of a very 

 thorough and practical sort, mainly directed, so far, to the study 

 and identification of mosquitoes of Java, and getting information 

 on their breeding habits and distribution. I was informed that 

 a species of the genus Anopheles occurred pretty generally 

 throughout the island, and my subsequent experience confirmed 

 this statement. 



Some three localities in Java are especially noted as being 

 very much subject to malaria. These are the lower city of 

 Batavia, and especially the landing-wharf, Priok ; Tjilatjap, a 

 low, marshy coast region on the south side of the island, which 

 has the worst record of all for malaria, and an interior district, 

 Ambabuwa, situated somewhat inland from Samareng. Else 

 where in Java the Anopheles does not seem to be especially 

 associated with malaria. The Anopheles of Java is A. rossi'i, 

 and was collected by me in nearly all of the main points at which 

 any stop was made. Curiously enough, this species was found 

 both at Soekaboemi and at Sindanglaja, the two mountain resorts 

 with convalescent stations where soldiers and the Dutch residents 

 suffering from malaria are sent to recover. In both of these 

 regions, therefore, malarial patients must often be bitten by mos 

 quitoes and by this Anopheles, and yet new cases of malaria are 

 practically unknown in these places! I was assured of this state 

 of affairs, which is somewhat astonishing, by Doctor Fruitog and 

 some of the other surgeons in the army service, whom I have to 

 thank for courtesies in giving information and for the collection 

 of some specimens from Batavia and Priok. 



At Batavia malaria is more or less common, and the Anopheles 

 also, although the mosquitoes most in evidence there were 

 pipiens and other species of Culex. At Buitenzorg and Garoet 

 the Anopheles occurred in considerable abundance. Both places 

 have a fairly high elevation, and malaria is very little feared, the 

 only cases appearing being those introduced from other districts. 

 All the places stopped at in the interior of Java were fairly ele 

 vated ones, with the exception of Batavia and Maos, which latter 

 is on the edge of the notorious Tjilatjap district. At Maos a 

 great many mosquitoes were collected, but some of the lots were 

 lost, and the only ones shown in the list determined by Mr. Co- 

 quillett are Culex pipiens, Culex lishnui, and Culex tenax 

 Theobald, the latter being the abundant species. My own recol 

 lection is very distinct of two species of Anopheles, one of which 

 was a very minute species, the smallest I have ever seen, and of 

 a light ash-gray color. I regret the loss of these specimens. 

 The list of mosquitoes collected in Java follows. Weltevreden, 

 it may be said in explanation, is the upper city of Batavia, and 

 considered to be much more free from malaria than the old 

 town : 



