118 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 



the warmer parts of the world, and now notorious as the agent 

 for conveying the yellow fever parasite. This little black mos 

 quito is active in the daytime, making its attack and escape very 

 quickly ; in fact, it was some time before a specimen could be 

 detected in the act, the least movement causing the insect to dart 

 away. It manifested a very notable tendency to fly up under the 

 edge of the trousers, biting through the stockings, or on the 

 wrists under the sleeves, and very rarely alighted on the bare 

 hands or face. A sudden and intense itching was the first indica 

 tion of the presence of the pest, and this itching continued, caus 

 ing great annoyance, for about two hours, and then slowly dis 

 appeared. This little species resembles very much an Anopheles, 

 having spotted wings and resting in the same oblique position on 

 walls. It was the great mosquito pest of this region, and was 

 found later in considerable numbers in Java and in Ceylon. A 

 greater variety of mosquitoes were found at Singapore than at 

 any point previously visited, as indicated by the accompanying 

 list: 



Anopheles rossii Giles. 



Culex pipicns Linne. 



Culex vishnui Theobald. 



Stegomyia fasciata Fabr. 



Stegomyia scutcllaris Walker. 



Of the second species of Stegomyia (S. scutellaris), but one 

 specimen was secured. This species was originally described 

 from the Aru Island, and Theobald reports it as occurring from 

 Japan to the Fiji Islands, and westward to Mauritius. 



THE MOSQUITOES OF JAVA. 



The mosquito problem in Java is a rather serious one. The 

 island is devoted, like Japan, to the culture of rice ; and, further 

 more, there is a great deal of low, swampy country near the 

 coast where malaria has always been a grievous scourge, so 

 much so that it has been necessary to establish large convalescent 

 stations in the mountains to which the soldiers are regularly 

 transferred after a period of service in the low country. Through 

 the chance meeting in Japan, with some longtime Dutch residents 

 of Java, some idea of the conditions in this island was obtained, 

 and letters of introduction were secured to the army medical 

 service, which, in the last few years, has been very much inter 

 ested in the mosquito problem in its relation to malaria. Doc 

 tor Koch, of Berlin, spent some time on the island, about 

 two years before my visit, studying and collecting mosquitoes, 

 and had aroused very wide interest in the subject. Shortly after 

 my arrival at Batavia, I called with the American Consul, Mr. 

 Rairden, on the chief medical officer of the army, Doctor Fruitog, 



