OF WASHINGTON. 115 



Gifu, Japan. The first stop at Gifu was early in May, and 

 mosquitoes had not put in an appearance. On the return to this 

 town, June iyth to 2Oth, the mosquitoes were present in enor 

 mous numbers, the common species evidently being the Culex 

 pipiens, although the specimens collected, which were a good 

 many, were lost in the mails. In Japanese rooms there are 

 numerous little closets with, sliding doors in which the bedding 

 and other paraphernalia are kept out of sight, and on opening 

 these little cupboards one would find them in the daytime simply 

 crowded with mosquitoes, and in all the smaller closets and dark 

 rooms the mosquitoes collected in enormous numbers. In the 

 daytime these mosquitoes were not at all in evidence, except 

 when disturbed in their retreats, and mosquito attacks in the day 

 time were practically unknown. 



Nagoya, Japan. Nagoya, one of the largest cities of Japan, 

 is on low ground and much cut up by canals, and mosquitoes 

 were in evidence in astonishing swarms. The inn at which we 

 put up was a semi-European one, and- the beds had the small 

 European mosquito nets, the lower edges of which were care 

 fully tucked under the mattress. In my own case, however, the 

 sealing was not perfect, and some thirty mosquitoes filled up 

 with my blood at regular intervals during the night. These I 

 collected in the morning, and were all identified by Mr. Coquil- 

 lett as Culex pipiens. They presented, however, in the effect of 

 their bites, a marked contrast to all the experiences with this 

 species before. The bite of this mosquito never produces any 

 bisect on me, and the point of puncture is not noticeable after the 

 littlosquito flies away ; but in the case of the bites at Nagoya their 

 m O'unctures made a bright red point which remained in evidence 

 infor several weeks, turning ultimately -brown. The feature of 

 fr special interest at this place occurred early in the night when the 

 writer was in a very sound sleep from the fatigue of a very long 

 and hard day's work. In the course of the night my elbow was 

 pushed against the mosquito net, and some time after I was 

 awakened by a burning pain in that quarter of my anatomy. 

 When I became fully awake I realized the cause of the trouble, 

 and crouched more narrowly in th6 center of my meagre bed. 

 An angry roar of mosquitoes massed at the particular spot where 

 my elbow had been indicated an enormous swarm concentrated 

 there, and did not abate for about an hour. In the morning there 

 was a spot on my elbow the size of a silver dollar, bright red 

 and filled with hundreds of punctures. Evidently as many as 

 could do so had been biting at once, and numerous relays had had 

 their turn. The spot changed from red to brown, and remained 

 in evidence about three weeks. All of the specimens collected 

 at this place proved to be Culex pipiens. 



Yamada, Japan, June 22d to 24^. The mosquito of this 



