112 ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 



pheles included. In certain very malarious districts this doubt 

 less is to be ascribed more to good fortune than anything else. 

 All of the material was examined and determined by Mr. Coquil- 

 lett who furnished notes also on distribution. 



Leaving San Francisco in winter, it was a rather odd exper 

 ience to have the mosquito problem thrust forcibly on one's atten 

 tion in the Hawaiian Islands in early March. On the hotel 

 verandas and in the hotel dining-rooms and bedrooms in Hono 

 lulu at this season of the year (March i4th to 2ist) mosquitoes 

 were very abundant and very pestiferous, it being almost impos 

 sible to avoid being bitten many times during the evening and 

 night. The most abundant species collected here was Culex 

 pipiens. About the city of Honolulu the Chinese and Japanese 

 farmers are actively engaged in the growth of rice after the sys 

 tem followed in their respective countries, and the flooded rice 

 fields and irrigating ditches furnished ample means for the breed 

 ing in abundance of the mosquitoes, which characterized the 

 place and season. 



THE MOSQUITOES OF JAPAN. 



Japan was reached the first of April, and explorations through 

 out the islands, from the north island (Hokaido), in the latitude 

 of Maine and Nova Scotia, to the lower end of the southern large 

 island of Kyushu, the latitude of St. Augustine, was prosecuted 

 from the date of landing until the date of departure, September 



22d. 



Japan is an ideal country for mosquitoes. The great staple 

 crop and the main food of the Japanese is rice, and rice fields 

 cover every inch of the country which can be reduced to a level 

 and brought under water. For several months in the year, there 

 fore, much of Japan is a shallow water pool, and the country is 

 filled with the irrigating ditches and canals which supply water 

 to the rice fields. The very slight use of beasts of burden, also, 

 has led to the cutting up of the larger cities and towns with canals, 

 by means of which the products of the country are brought to 

 every section of the city. These canals forming a network through 

 the cities are choice breeding places for mosquitoes, and the re 

 sult is that when the mosquito season comes around the mosquito 

 nuisance is perhaps greater in Japan than any other country in 

 the world ; at least the writer has never seen mosquitoes so abun 

 dant as in some of the Japanese inns. Furthermore, every 

 Japanese establishment of any pretensions has its little garden 

 with everything in miniature, and including among the rest two 

 or three little lakes fed by streams of running water, very greatly 

 adding to the picturesqueness of the surroundings, but affording 

 at the same time exceptional breeding places for different mosqui- 



