MONOGRAPH OF THE LEUCOSIADjE. 283 



These were both known to the earlier naturalists. One of them is figured by Rumphius 

 and Seba, and both by Herbst in his great repertory of crustacean animals. Fabricius, 

 Lichtenstein, Leach, Desmarest, and others down to Edwards, have restricted their notice 

 to these two species. De Haan, in his admirable work on the Crustacea of Japan, form- 

 ing a portion of the great work of Siebold, adds four species, and Messrs. Adams and 

 White have described a seventh in the Voyage of the Samarang. The additions, however, 

 which have recently been made to the carcinology of the Eastern Seas by Hinds, Macgil- 

 livray and others, and especially by Mr. Cuming in his Philippine voyage, have enabled 

 me to swell the list of distinct species to no fewer than twenty. . 



Leucosia Urania, Herbst. Testa subglobosa, antice producta, fronte rotundato ; brachiis 

 triedris, supra ad basin tuberculis paucis; sinu thoracico usque ad latera regionis 

 hepaticse antice attingente, granis supra marginato. 



Rumph. t. 10. f. A. B. Seba, iii. t. 19. f. 4, 5. 



Cancer Urania, Herbst, iii. t. 53. f. 3. 



Leucosia Urania, Leach, Zool. Misc. iii. p. 21. Edw. Reg. Anim. de Cuv., Crust, t. 25. f. 2; Hist. Nat. 



des Crust, ii. p. 122. 

 Hab. Maria orientalia. Muss. Brit., Bell. 



The colouring of this species is remarkable. Of a general pale brownish-grey ; the 

 front, and a large mark proceeding backwards from it are white ; two large spots on the 

 posterior part of the carapace, and two smaller ones on each lateral margin, the articula- 

 tions of the fore legs, the basal portion of the fingers, and a ring on each joint of the 

 ambulatory feet, are all of a more or less deep orange colour*. 



Specimens of the species are not unfrequently brought with other objects from China, 

 and these are almost always deprived of the abdomen, for the purpose of cleaning the 

 interior. 



The tubercles on the arms are disposed in a remarkable manner. On the upper side 

 near the base there is a congeries of about five or six small ones, and immediately in front 

 of them four large ones disposed in a quadrate form. On each margin there is a series of 

 tubercles, which are large near the base, diminishing forwards. The anterior portion of 

 the three sides is free from tubercles, excepting on the margins. 



Leucosia craniolaris, Linn. Testa rhomboidea, fronte tridentato ; brachiis serie tuber- 

 culorum ad latera, et tuberculis duobus tantum supra ad basin. 



Cancer craniolaris, Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 431. Herbst, t. 2. f. 17- 



Leucosia craniolaris, Fabr. Supp. p. 350. Leach, Zool. Misc. iii. p. 21. Edw. Hist. Nat. des Crust, ii. 



p. 122. 

 Hab. ad oras maris orientalis. Muss. Brit., Soc. Linn., Bell. 



This well-known species is easily distinguished from every other by the paucity of the 

 tubercles on the arm. The three sides are bordered, as in other species, with a series of 

 tubercles, but there are no others, excepting two above and about the same number 

 beneath, at the base. The carapace is remarkably rhomboidal, the front tridentate, the 



. * There are specimens in the British Museum in which this colouring is not distinct, but these are probably bleached. 

 VOL. XXI. 2 p 



