prevalent Disorders, 4c-) "^i^^i Volccmic Emanatio7is. 623 



ice, and was dragged * by it to the coast of Greenland (in 

 attempting a passage through it), where she was detained 

 three months and a half. She reached St. John's, Sept. 15. 

 In the spring of 1833, the Banks of Newfoundland were 

 more crowded with ice than had been ever known ; and I 

 have memoranda of more than thirty other vessels lost off the 

 coast of America, or in crossing the Atlantic, by falling in 

 with ice. We have the authority of Captain Ross, that the 

 ice broke up in Lancaster Sound on August 14. On Oc- 

 tober 3., the ship Lancaster was fallen in with abandoned 

 among ice, in 45° n. 45° w. The Helen Mearns, from Que- 

 bec to Belfast, passed large icebergs, on October 30., in lat. 

 55° N. 38° w. ; and, in 55° n. 11° w., quantities of wreck, 

 with gales from w. n. w. On Feb. 13. 1834, a vessel reached 

 the West Indies, which had been detained many weeks off 

 Newfoundland. The President frigate, which took out Sir 

 Colin Campbell to Halifax, and arrived there in the begin- 

 ning of July, fell in with icebergs 100 ft. high, in lat. 44° — 46° 

 N., and long. 44° — 64° w. The thermometer fell from 60® 

 to 45°. The whole passage was attended with cold, rain, and 

 *meste7^ly "winds, 



Newfoundland, also, during the spring and summer of the 

 present year, has been suffering most severely from the im- 

 mense accumulation of ice and snow. 



The southern hemisphere has, also, during the same 

 period, been encumbered with ice to a low latitude. The 

 following particulars are from the log of the Arethusa, Capt. 

 Boultonf, which sailed from Van Diemen's Land round 

 Cape Horn, in Dec. 1832: — From Jan. 4. 1833, till 

 Jan. 20., she was beset with ice. She fell in with it in lat. 

 54° 48' s., long. 148° BY w. On the latter day, the ice was 

 almost impassable in lat. 56° 59' s., long. 93° 46' w. This 

 was just 5° N. of the spot where ice was seen in 1832. She 

 left the ice, Jan. 24., in lat. 56° 5V s., long 78° 6' w. The 

 Tula, in 1832, saw ice 7° nearer the south pole than the 

 above. In 45° and 44° s., long. 42° and 44° w. the Arethusa 



* This word is used in the account (Lloyd's Shipping List) whence I 

 derived my information. It cannot, however, mean more than is expressed 

 in the parenthesis. 



t JSfaut. Mag., ii. 450. A few notes may be added. On Jan. 20. the 

 barometer stood at 29°, the thermometer at 51° 



Jan. 2. he had a whirlwind, nearing the ice. 

 Jan. 5., whirlwind, snow, and hail ; wind s. w. 

 Jan. 6., whirlwind, snow, and hail ; wind w. 

 Jan. 7., no ice. 



Jan. 8., whirlwind j body of ice nearly forty miles in extent. 

 All the time he was in the ice he had heavy seas, variable ivindsy and hard 

 gales. 



