200 FLUVIO-MARINE DEPOSIT ON THE COAST OF ESSEX. 



same time, borne marks of great friction, consequent upon 

 the action of transport by currents of water to which they 

 must have been subjected. 



The perfect state of the mammoth's jaw, of which we have 

 such a good representation in p. 348, volume iii. n. s. of 

 this Magazine, would lead us to infer that it has not been 

 subject to the violent removal which attends the drifting of 

 gravel ; but that rather, as the accompanying remarks state, 

 has been disengaged from its former deposit, by the sea- 

 wasting of the land, in the same manner as that element is 

 now laying bare the same kind of fossil bones embedded in 

 fluviatile strata along our eastern coast. 



Elephant. — Amongst many fragments of tus"ks, one specimen 4 feet long, 

 in good preservation, and another, 7 inches in diameter. Numerous 

 grinders, several very perfect, and of full size. A large mass of the 

 lower jaw, including the symphysis. 

 Vertebrce, 8 inches diameter, perfect. 

 Large femur, scapula, and corresponding condyle. 



Rhinoceros. — Os frontis ; three distinct lower jaws with molar teeth re- 

 maining. 

 VertebrcB and detached teeth. A radius. 



Deer. — Horns with both round and flat antlers; also branched and 

 broadly palmated : teeth, vertebra and bones of the legs, and various 

 other parts of the skeleton. 



Bos Urus. — Vertebrcs and other parts of the skeleton. 

 Horns. See ' Mag. Nat. Hist.,' Vol. i. p. 160. 



A horn broken off at the smaller end, to 4 inches diameter; it is still 

 3 feet long, and measures 20 inches in circumference at the larger end. 

 This specimen was at least 4 feet 4 inches long when whole, and when 

 sheathed in its original covering must have measured the enormous 

 length of five feet on the exterior curve. 



Incisor tooth of water-rat, figured in ' Reliquice DiluviancB, pi. 11. fig. 2. 



Horse. — Tooth. Vertebrce. 



Stanway^ near Colchester, 



[With the above communication the author forwarded to us a box, con- 

 taining specimens of the fossils to which he has referred, along with por- 

 tions of the matrix in which they occur. From the contents of this box, 

 and also from a hasty visit subsequently paid to the place itself, we anti- 

 cipate the most interesting results from this discovery of Mr. Brown's. 

 Whilst the great mass of the layers No. 5 and 6, is composed of marine 

 shells, (we state this solely from the contents of the box, and not from our 

 own examination of the beds themselves, since our visit only occupied 

 about two minutes), mixed up with these were hundreds of specimens 

 belonging to land or lacustrine genera. A list of these, with the names 

 of such species as can be identified, will be supplied on a future occasion. 



A short abstract of a paper on the mammaliferous strata of this part of 

 England, which was read by the Editor in 1836, at the Bristol Meeting 

 of the British Association, is introduced at p. 42, vol. ii. N. S. of this Jour- 

 nal. The first bed there noticed, in a table given of these strata, is thus 

 referred to ; — " Superficial gravel, containing bones of land animals, pro- 

 bably washed out of stratified deposits.'^ As we know that Mr. Brown has 

 lately been paying great attention to the gravel and fresh-water beds of 



