440 Dr. J. E. Gray on the Arrangement of 



single central axis. The upper part with the polypes placed in 

 transverse series on one, rarely on all sides. Axis fusiform, 

 elongate, cylindrical and quadrangular, calcareous, as long as 

 the coral. 



Dana divides the Pennatulidse into two subfamilies : — 1. Pen- 

 natulinse, polypes retractile ; 2. Pavonina?, polypes not retrac- 

 tile (including Pavonia and Umhellularia) ! I may observe here 

 that I do not think the character derived from the retraction and 

 non-retraction of the polypes is of much importance ; for it is 

 observed that all the Gorgonicie figured by Ellis from specimens 

 preserved in spirits have the polypes expanded, and it is the 

 same with most Pennatula and many Alcyonia. 



I. Penniformes. The coral pen -shaped. The polypes in trans- 

 verse pinnules, placed on each side of the ventral surface of the 

 central rachis or stem. 



Tribe 1. Funiculine^e. The coral elongate, linear, slender ; 

 the pinnules small, crowded. 



Funiculina. Virgularia, Lygus. Scytalium. 



Tribe 2. Pennatule^. The coral moderately broad, pen- 

 shaped; the pinnules broad, expanded. 



"^Pennatula. ^"^ Sarcoptilus. Pteromorpha. Pteroeides. 



II. Claviformes. The coral club-shaped or leaf-like. The 

 polypes scattered on one side (rarely on both) of the upper 

 part of the club. 



Tribe 3. KoPHOBELEMNONiEiE. The coral club-shaped, with 

 the polypes only on one surface of the club, leaving the other 

 bare. 



Kojihobelemnon. 



Tribe 4. Veretille^. The coral club-shaped. The polypes 

 on all sides of the club. 



Lituaria. Sarcobelemnon. Cavernularia, Veretillum. 



Tribe 5. Renille^. The coral expanded, foliaceous, with a 

 slender stalk. The polypes only on one surface of the expanded 

 disk. 



Renilla. 



Fam. 2. UmbeUulariadae. 



The body free, umbellate, with a long stem and a single cen- 

 tral axis. The upper part with a cluster of polype-bearing cells 

 placed in concentric series, forming a large head. Axis fusi- 

 form, elongate, as long as the stem of the coral, 



Umbelluia?'ia, 



