OF WASHINGTON. 267 



rent. The larvae of this species refuse absolutely to enter the soil 

 or to spin up in leaves, but burrow into bark or pith or soft 

 wood, or even into the galls of their own species, or of other in 

 sects, to hibernate, and in this way had entered, in the fall, the 

 galls subsequently collected by Mr. Walsh. 



NON GALL-MAKERS. 



Nematus mendicus Walsh. This is a good species, and will 

 fall in the genus Ptcronus. Mr. Walsh says of it (1. c., p. 262) : 

 "One female bred May 2, from a Tenthredinidous gall of -5 1 . 

 pomun? n. sp. of the preceding year's growth, and another fe 

 male August 5, from the Cecidomyiidous gall of .5*. brassicoides 

 Walsh of the same year's growth." The latter record is interest 

 ing, as showing that the larva of one of the early broods had en 

 tered the green gall of this Cecidomyiid to spin up, the inquili- 

 nous habit of the species being thus apparently strongly indicated. 

 In the first instance one of the later broods had entered a gall in 

 the fall for hibernation. 



Nematus fur Walsh. Walsh (1. c., p. 263) reared this species 

 from the gall of Cecidomyia batatas Walsh on Salix humilis. 

 He says : "As the mother saw-fly must have deposited her egg in 

 this gall after the gall-maker had quitted it, or not long before, it 

 is a question whether, if such be its general habits, this species 

 can be properly considered as an inquiline." The type of this 

 species has been lost, but, from the affinities pointed out by Mr. 

 Norton, it probably belongs in the genus Amauronematus. 



Pristiphora sycophants Walsh. Mr. Walsh bred this spe 

 cies, August 9, from a cocoon found within the gall of Ceci 

 domyia brassicoides of the same year's growth (1. c., p. 264). 

 The type specimen seems to be lost, but Norton has already 

 pointed out the close resemblance and probable identity of this 

 species with his P. tibialis. In this Norton is probably correct, 

 and it undoubtedly is another case where a larva of one of the 

 early broods had entered the gall in question to spin up. 



It will be noted that, in the case of every one of the inquilinous 

 species cited above, the hibernating habit, so strongly marked, 

 especially in the gall-making groups of saw-flies, of entering dry 

 vegetable material for the winter, fully explains the occurrence 

 of the cocoons or larvae in foreign galls, and would render the 

 claim that they were inquilinous very doubtful, even if the con 

 firmatory evidence of their practical identity with other species 

 were lacking. 



The paper was discussed by Messrs. Schwarz, Riley, and Ash- 

 mead. Dr. Riley stated that, while he thought Mr. Marlatt's 



