FAMILY V. CYPRINID^E. 39 



depressed in the adult; anal rays 9 or PAGE 



10 Gila 53 



kk. Caudal peduncle stout, basal rudiments 

 but little developed ; scales 60 to 75 ; 



anal rays 8 Leuciscus 5 5 



hh. Abdomen behind ventral fins compressed 

 to a sharp edge over which the scales do 

 not pass; abdomen in front of ventrals 

 rounded; anal basis elongate, its ray 12 

 to 14; dorsal fin posterior; teeth 5-5; 

 body much compressed; the lateral line 



much below axis of body Abramis 56 



jg. ' Teeth in the main row 4-4, usually absent 

 in the lesser row, rarely one or two being 

 present. 



1. Maxillary without barbels, 

 m. Scales large, 30 to 60 in' the lateral 



series. 



n. Jaws each with a hardened sheath; 

 the first dorsal ray spine-like, con- 

 nected by a membrane to the first 



developed ray; teeth 4-4 Cochlognathus 57 



nn. Jaws without bony sheath, being 



normally formed. 



o. Lower jaw with the lip thin, not de- 

 veloped as a fleshy lobe on each side 

 at base. 



p. Fins high; longest dorsal ray as long 

 as head; tips of pectorals reaching 

 middle of base of ventrals; scales 50 

 in the lateral series ; teeth 4-4 ; origin 

 of dorsal much nearer snout than 



base of caudal Falcula 58 



pp. Fins moderate; longest dorsal ray 

 less than the length of the head ; tips 

 of pectorals not reaching base of ven- 

 trals; origin of dorsal fin about in 

 middle of body. 



q. Scales small, 47 to 60 in the lateral 

 series; body robust; teeth 44; 

 about 23 to 30 scales in a series 

 between dorsal fin and nape Aztecula 59 



