FAMILY XX. 



203 



192. Haploidonotus grunniens Rafinesque. FRESH-WATER DRUM; 



GASPERGOU. 

 Aplodinotus grunniens Rafinesque, Jour, de Phys., 1819, 88; Ohio 



River. 

 Amblodon neglectus Girard, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1858, 167; 



Rio Grande: Girard, Mex. Bd. Sur., 12, pi. v, fig. 6-10, 1859; 



mouth of the Rio Grande; Matamoras, Tamaulipas. 

 Corvina oscula Gunther, Cat., u, 297, 1860. 

 Aplodinotus grunniens Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. 



Mus., 1896, 1484: Evermann & Goldsborough, Bull. U. S. Fish 



Comm., 1902, 154, fig. 4; Rio Usumacinta, Montecristo. 

 Larger streams and lakes of the Mississippi Valley and Great Lake 

 region, south to Chiapas. 



FIG. 65. HAPLOIDONOTUS GRUNNIENS Rafinesque. 



No. 2364, U. S. Fish Commission. 



Head 3^; depth 2^ to 3^; D. x, 30; A. n, 7; scales 9-55 to 60-12 

 or 13. Body oblong, the back much elevated and compressed; the 

 profile long, steep, and not much convex; head slightly compressed; 

 mouth moderate, subinferior, low; maxillary reaching to the vertical 

 from the middle of the eye ; snout 4 in head ; eye 4^ ', interorbital 3> ; 

 dorsal fins connected; ventral with its first ray produced into a fila- 

 ment; caudal fin truncate; gill rakers short, thickish, 20 on the first 

 gill arch. 



Color grayish silvery, dusky above, with indications of two or three 

 darker bands over the shoulder ; a dark blotch on opercle ; dorsal and 

 caudal fins same as the body, the upper half of the membranes darker; 

 other fins pale. 



This species is a member of a large family inhabiting the sandy 

 shores of all seas, and is the only member of the family to which it 



