482 Miscellaneous Intelligence, 



removed, then in alcohol ; again in water, and dried in the air till 

 they ceased to lose weight. 



Carbon. Water, 



From box. 42.7 57.3 



dried (i.) 50. 50. 



From willow 42.6 57.4 



dried (i.) 49.8 50.2 



(i.) Dried at 212° for six hours, afterwards between 300° and 

 350° for six hours. That from box lost 14.6, that from willow 

 14.4 per cent. 



Acetic acid 47.05 52.95 



Sugar of milk 40. 60. 



Manna sugar 38.7 61.3 



Gum arabic 36.3 63.7 



dried (i.) 41.4 58.6 



(i.) Dried between 200° and 212° for twenty hours, lost 12.4 

 per cent. The same gum further heated to between 300° and 350° 

 for six hours, lost only 2.6 per cent., and had become deep brown. 

 Vegetable Acids. Carbon. Water, Oxygen. 



Oxalic acid 19.04 42.85 38.11 



Citric acid 34.28 42.85 22.87 



Tartaric acid 32.00 36.00 32.00 



Malic acid 40.68 45.76 13.56 



Saclactic acid 33.33 44.44 22.22 



29. Preparation of Sidphate of Quinia and Kinic Acid, without 

 the use of Alcohol. — The following is the process of MM. Henry 

 and Plisson : About two pounds of bark are to be coarsely powdered 

 and boiled with water, acidulated with sulphtlric acid in the usual 

 manner. When the hot liquors are cleared, recently prepared and 

 moist hydrate of lead is to be added until the fluid is neutral, and 

 has acquired a faint yellow colour ; this must be done carefully, 

 lest too much hydrate of lead be added. As the decoloration of 

 the decoction is necessary, the liquid, if it remains turbid until the 

 next morning, must have a little more hydrate added and be re- 

 filtered, but the operation is rarely subject to this inconvenience, 

 being usually finished in a few hours. The yellow liquid contains 

 a little kinate of lead, much kinate of lime, kinate of quinia or 

 cinchonia, a little colouring matter, and traces of other substances. 

 The washed deposite consists of colouring matter, combined with 

 oxide of lead, sulphate of lead, and a portion of free quinia ; 

 contains no sub-kinate of lead. 



The lead, dissolved in the fluid, is to be separated by a few drops 

 of sulphuric acid, or a small current of sulphuretted hydrogen, and 

 the filtered liquid is to be precipitated by adding caustic lime, pre- 

 viously mixed into a thin paste with water, until the earth is in 

 very slight excess ; in this manner the quinia is precipitated. The 

 addition of sulphuric acid readily converts this quinia into sulphate, 



