1827.] Pauper Lunatics. 459 



regulation, you always cease to enforce that regulation, and make the 

 change universal?" u Yes, certainly we do ; it must become a general 

 rule of the establishment, or we cannot carry it on. For instance, as to 

 the confinement : we used to confine them in strait- waistcoats, till Lord 

 Robert Seymour came to our house; he was constantly about it. We have 

 discontinued it in consequence of his objection. I have heard him say, if 

 he thought the use entirely of the strait-waistcoat was not abolished before 

 he died, he thought he could not rest in his grave." " And for the sake 

 of his resting in his grave, you have done away with it ?" " He was a 

 man of some consequence.*' 



To trace still farther the actual state of things, we must glance at the 

 evidence of William Barnard, a keeper for eight years, and still in the esta- 

 blishment. It has been stated by Warburton and Jennings, though in less 

 absolute terms by the latter than the former, that there were always five 

 keepers for the paupers. Wm. Barnard, when asked who acted with him, 

 named four plump. On farther inquiry, it proved one had been with him 

 three months, another not so long, and a third from August of last year. 

 Before August there were only two, himself and another -taking occa- 

 sional assistance from the gentlemen's side, and assisted by the convalescent 

 patients. These patients had no absolute care of rooms, but helped, and 

 had remuneration in the shape of tobacco and money. As to the cribs, there 

 were from thirty to forty confined in them on Sundays. Mr. Jennings spoke 

 of twenty. These patients were not all taken up did take out three 

 will not be positive about so many as five. Then as to the mops and cold 

 water ? " Never used a mop three times in his life ; but has seen it used 

 occasionally, but never as a regular thing." 



What says John Sharpe, who was hired as groom to Mr. Jennings, but, 

 on his predecessor continuing, assisted for a few weeks in looking after 

 the patients, and was there from November till the Duke of York's 

 funeral ? The crib-patients were all chained up on the Sunday ; they 

 were not taken up and washed, but occasionally wiped : on Monday, if 

 dirty, they were washed with a mop and cold water. " Did he often use 

 a mop ?" " Often." " Use hot water ?" Never." " Any flannel ?" 

 " No ; believes there was a copper heated every day, but did not use the 

 water. As to variety of food, never knew any difference made, except with 

 those in the Infirmary, and does not know what they had ; at breakfast, 

 some had coffee and bread and butter, at expense of friends. Has seen the 

 convalescent patients assisting putting others to bed ; seen one of them 

 strike the patients ; left the establishment, because he was not wanted." 



But the evidence of Thomas Dalby is of more importance, because he 

 has been in the establishment nineteen years and a half, and is as stout 

 about all being right as Mr. Jennings or Mr. Warburton. Till within a 

 twelvemonth, he and Barnard had the charge of all the paupers, with 

 occasional assistance. When asked if any alterations had taken place in the 

 system of management, answers, " No.'' " What, just as it was a-twelve- 

 month ago ? v " Yes, we do the best we can." " No alteration in 

 treatment of patients ?" " No." " Crib-patients not now confined on 

 Sundays ?" " No, but they are treated just the same." " Is not that an 

 alteration in the treatment?" " Yes, in that respect." " No change in 

 Infirmary ?" " No ; it is kept clean, and always was." The tone cannot 

 be mistaken ; nor could Thomas Dalby be mistaken as to the number of 

 his colleagues. 



3 N 2 



