NON-RESIDENCE OF LANDLORDS. 191 



the transfer, and >/<r the import duty in H, it being supposed that there 

 are no export duties. If K do not import the produce of the proprietor's 

 estates, she will either import some other articles produced in H, or the 

 produce of some other country which does import from H; and there will 

 be a series of exchanges effected by equivalents that are produced by 

 capital other than that we are considering, the last operation of im- 

 porting to H yielding a tax to- to its revenue. 



Hence while the proprietor remains at home the produce of his estate 

 is thus distributed : — 



To native capitalists and labourers, 2^c{r(l — i)+qt) — 2/u, of which 

 C, + C 8 + C\ + C\+ Ai + A-i- (C'i + C'z) . q is employed in replacing capital. 



To revenues of foreign states, 2<r2>?. 



To revenue of H, fZ\c(r — q) + t2<t. 



To commercial capitalists and labourers, 2o-2e; the remainder of 

 2/0 replacing the commercial capital with which the foreign purchases 

 were made. 



When the proprietor becomes non-resident the capital C 2 + C' 2 will 

 be disengaged, because his absence destroys the demand on which its 

 employment depended ; but a new demand for such commodities as 

 can be exported with advantage will be created by the absence, because 

 the rent of the proprietor must now be exported. It is therefore in 

 raising such commodities that the disengaged capital will be employed. 

 If then the exports of H be made in manufactured goods, there will 

 not in general be any variation in the rate of profit, because the employ- 

 ment of additional capital in manufacturing does not diminish profits, if 

 the demand for manufactures be proportionably increased. 



The income to support the inhabitants of H is therefore precisely 

 the same before as after the removal ; but there is this difference, the 

 equivalent for the produce of C 2 + C" 8 was then possessed by the proprietor, 

 it has now to be created by the labour of those who produce the 

 commodities, by the exportation of which his rent is paid. 



Again, let the exports of H consist of raw produce, then to the 

 series Ci c 2 ...c n there will be in general added the terms c u+ xC„ +2 ... c„ +m , 



