64 



expedition are lost with the first part of Ammianus Marcellinus*s 

 History, in which they were recorded."* 



In A. D. 360, the second invasion of the Scots and Picts is record- 

 ed by MarceUinus, in terms that at once indicate the terror with which 

 the encroachments of these nations were looked upon by the Romans, 

 and evidence that such terror was the result of an ace wmw/af ion of past 

 defeats and sufferings at their hands ;-|- thus confirming the accounts 

 of all the preceding ravages mentioned by Eumenius, and in the lost 

 books of MarceUinus. 



A. D. 364 is the date of the third incursion, in which, according 

 to Ammianus, while other enemies depopulated Gaul and Rhcetia, the 

 Scots harassed the Britons with renewed afflictions. ;{; It is evident, 

 that " the Scoti of Ammianus were infallibly the Irish, "§ for, "on 

 the first mention of the name of ' Scoti' by him, it is joined with that 

 of 'Picti,' their confederates, just as Hiberni had been sixty-four 

 years before by Eumenius. || This, compared with the before-men- 

 tioned and subsequent authorities, affords a clear inference, that 

 from the very first 'Hiberni' and 'Scoti' were synonimous, that 

 Ireland was Scotia and the Irish Scoti."** So in like manner are the 



* Henry's England, vol. 1. p. 66. 



f " Consulatu Constantii decies, terque Juliani in Britanniis cum Scotorum, Pictorumque 

 gentium ferarum excursus, rupta quiete condicta loca limitibus vicina vastarent, et implicaret 

 formido provincias, prateritarum cladium congerie fessas ; hiemem agens apud Parisios 

 Caesar, distractusque in solicitudines varias, verebatur in subsidio transmarinis, ut retulimus 

 ante fuisse Constantem, nerectore vacuas relinqueret Gallias, Allemannisad saevitiam etiam 

 turn incitatis et bella. Ire igitur ad haec ratione vel vi componenda Lupicinum placuit." — 

 Amra. Marc. 1. 20. c. 1. 



t " Hoc tempore * * * « Gallias Rhaetiasque simul Alemanni populabantur, Sar- 

 mati Pannonias et Quadi, Picti Saxonesque et Scotti et Attacotti Britannos aerumnis vexare 

 conlinuis." — Amm. Marc. 1. 26. c. 4. 



§ Pinkerton's Scotland, vol. 1. p. 1 16. || Cited ante, p. 41. 



•• Pinkerton's Scotland, v. 2. p. 58. 



