134 



had appeared. A reprint was issued in J 628 with copperplate 

 engravings by C. Van Sichem."^ In the many editions, trans- 

 lations, and imitations which followed, the artists have usually 

 employed copper. The designs, which arc spirited and grace- 

 ful, carry out still further the enthusiastic conceits of Otho 

 Vsenius by engrafting upon the mystic horrors of Calvinism 

 the countervailing raptures enunciated in Solomon's Canticles. 

 Accordingly we have the Divine Vengeance pursuing the 

 Christian in every terrific shape for his imputed Sins. 

 Scourged with the rod, Smitten with lightning and the sword, 

 submerged in the sea, environed with spiritual dasmons, the 

 humble child of Grace appears well nigh annihilated beneath 

 so many inflictions. Turning over the page, we find the 

 same figure (a very young female) expatiating in the raptures 

 of seraphic love, which however in most of the scenes bears 

 the closest resemblance to that love " which is of the earth 

 earthy." No wonder that this work captivated the imagina- 

 tion of the celebrated Quietest Madame Guyon, who, in con- 

 junction with M. Poiret, minister to the King, published a 

 French translation of it.f No wonder that it was found 

 to suit the congenial temperament of the English poet 

 Quarles, who used for the most part the same pictorial de- 

 signs, though accompanied with poetry of a different vein. 

 Hugo's work is prefaced with a most adulatory Dedication 

 to the celebrated Pope Urban the Eighth (Barbarini).J 

 It is divided into three books — 1st, the Groans of a peni- 

 tent soul — 2nd, the desires of a pious soul — and 3rd, the 



* Antwerp, 1628— lOmo. 



+ "!«' arae amante de son Dieu representee dans les Emblemes." Cologne, 

 1717, 8vo. 



% To this Pontiff, who was an accomplished writer of Latin verses, and so good a 

 Grecian that he ac(iuired the name of " the Attic bee," an elegant volume is dedicated 

 by Giov Paolo Rainaldi, entitled II miueo dittinto in Imprese et Emblemi. Koma 1644. 

 Many of the Emblems are written in praise of the Pope and his family. 



But an Emblematist of the preceding century had far exceeded Itainaldi in adula- 

 tion to the spiritual head of the church. In the year 1588 a volume was published 

 at Rome by Priucipio Fabricii under the title of Allusioni Imprese el Emblemi sopra 

 la rita npere et attioni di Qregorio XIII, etc. It contains above two hundred and 



thirty 



