72 



notwithstanding this argument, I come to three conclusions. 

 The first is, that truly a knight or a man at arms, who dies in 

 battle for the church, whether against unbelievers, or against 

 the enemies of the Pope, or of the faith, but otherwise is not 

 in mortal sin, he goes to Paradise. Por thus says the De- 

 cretal xxiii. q. viii. c. " Quicunque.'' The second conclusion 

 is, that if a man die in battle, in a just war, and maintaining 

 a just quarrel, he also will be saved in Paradise, c. "Aufef- 

 rando" xxiii. q. v. et c. "fortitude.'' The third conclusion 

 is, if he dies in battle maintaining an unjust quarrel, he is in 

 the way to damnation. Por we hold, according to our faith, 

 that he who dies in mortal sin goes to hell." 



2nd. "Whether a monk may defend himself against his 

 abbot, who is wishing to kill him ? 



" What shall w^e say of a monk, who, if his abbot wishes to 

 kill and murder him, wants to know whether he should defend 

 himself? Upon which question it seems he should not. Por 

 such a person is counted dead as to the world, according to 

 the Decretals, Decretal, c. "placuit'' xvi. q. 1. And it is a 

 clear thing that a dead man cannot defend himself. How 

 therefore can a monk defend himself, since he is dead ? Again 

 a still more forcible reason is this, A monk has no will except 

 as his abbot allows him to have one. Thus it is manifest 

 enough, according to the aforesaid reasons, that he ought not 

 to defend himself against his abbot, c. " nolo'' et c. " non 

 dicatis" xii. q. 1. Now, on this question I say thus, and 

 conclude if the monk could not otherwise escape death, that he 

 may certainly defend himself against his abbot, and against 

 every other person without his leave in this case, for natural 

 right, which his abbot cannot take from him, grants him this." 



The paper for the evening, was Upon the Punishment of 

 Death in cases of Murder, by Thomas Inman, Esq., M.D., of 

 which the following is an abstract : — 



He contended that the true end of punishment was not the 



