THE PLOKA OF LIVEEPOOL. 



4. RUBUS. Linn. Brarnhhy Raspberry. 

 Icosand, Polygon. L. 



1. R. ID.EUS. L. (Common R.) May, June. 71 



Wirral,— H. C. Watson, in Hall's Flora. Rainford Moss, 

 abundant; and east side of Formby Moss, — ^W.S. Sim- 

 mons-wood Moss, and in a large boggy wood between 

 Wavertree and Gateacre, plentiful, — W.H. 



The folinge suffers from the attacks of a little beetle, Melolantha horticola ; when 

 in flower the footstalks are sometimes eaten through bj the minute DermtiUt tomen- 

 <o«a, and bees frequently anticipate us by sucking the fruit with their proboscis. — 

 With. 



2. R. RHAMNTFOLius. W. & N. (Buckthom-leaved Bramble.) 



July, August. H- 

 Vae. b. R. NiTiDUS. Salter. (R nitid/us. W. & N.) 

 (Smooth-shining Bramble.) July, August. 2^ 



" Eastham Wood,"— H. C. Watson, in Halts Flora. 



3. R. coRYLiFOLius. Sm. (Hazel-leaved Bramble.) July, 



August. U 



Hedges and thickets, not uncommon. 



4. R. CiEsius. L. (Dewberry.) June, July. 14. 



Abundant on sand hills on the coast. New Brighton. 

 Hoylake, Crosby, Formby, Southport, ifec. Seaforth, — 

 R. Tudor. 



5. R. DISCOLOR. W. &N.; f R. fruticomis. 'E.B.) (Common B.) 



June — August. U 



Common in woods and hedges. 



The leaves are often spotted yellow or brown by Puceinia rusee. Hecla Rubi will 

 also be found upon them. A fine intestinal-like canal, occasioned by the passage of 

 a small caterpillar (one of the Minetues of Reaumur), is frequently observed running 

 in a sinuous course through the centre of the leaves. 



The practical Entomologist will reap an abundant harvest from the investigation 

 of the flowers of the Bramble, which are the favorite haunts of numerous insects. 



5. FRAGARIA. Linn. Strawberry. Icosand. Polygyn. L. 



1. Y. VESCA. L. (Wood Strawberry.) May — July. 2; 



Woods and thickets, frequent. 



Cicada spumaria (Cuckoo-spit or Froth-wonn), enveloped in a spume exuded by 

 itself, may frequently be observed on the leaves. 



2. F. ELATioR. Ehrh. (Hautboy S.) June — October. 2^ 



Banks of the Meisey near the Decoy,— I. Harrison, 1850; 

 not a native. 



47 



