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of the artist, in so far shall we consider the delineation a work of art ; 

 inasmuch as there is a want of expression, an inability to convey or 

 excite the ideas or emotions, so far will the work be deemed defective. 

 Sympathy, therefore, is the test by which we may discern the true, 

 beautiful, and sublime ; though it may be thought that the conflicting 

 opinions current upon different works, both of art and of nature, nega- 

 tive this hypothesis. 



Man is of twofold nature — the physical and the mental — ^using the 

 latter, in its widest sense, as antithetical to the former. The emotions 

 of the physical man may be regarded as dual, namely, the sensuous and 

 the sensual ; the latter including those sensations which ally him most 

 nearly to the inferior animals ; the former such as minister to the grati- 

 fication of the senses. From the observations of physiologists, it seems 

 probable that men are so constituted that certain scents, tastes, forms, 

 colours, and sounds, are pleasant or disagreeable to the physical organiza- 

 tion, in individuals, of the senses of hearing, sight, taste, or smell ; and 

 to these it has been proposed to apply the term sensuous : to which may 

 be added those other emotions, which appear to spring spontaneously 

 from the physical organization, as nervous fear ; and the delight of mere 

 existence, in certain conditions of mind and body. 



Mental pleasures and annoyances also require to be classified, accord- 

 ingly as they are intellectual and wholly dependent upon the reasoning 

 faculties ; or moral, having reference to individual accountability and 

 social requirements ; or emotional, and belonging to that subtler and 

 more occult phase of the mental organisation, which gives life and 

 warmth to the cold abstractions of pure and close reasoners, inspires 

 poets, painters, orators, prophets, and martyrs, finding its lowest expres- 

 sion in ordinary, but thorough, courtesy, and its liighest in religious 

 piety. 



Now, if each human being contains these five main chai'acteristics, it 

 is manifest that an infinite variety of individuality will be produced, as 

 all of them are equally cultivated, or as they are partially neglected and 

 partially developed ; consequently the sympathetic action and reaction 

 will be greatly modified, as the sensual, the intellectual, or moral 

 element predominates. 



After adducing the opinions of Byron in disparagement of Words- 

 worth, and of Burlington, Wren, and Wild, depreciatory of Gothic 

 architecture, the author observed that : — These instances, out of many, 

 suffice to show that there is really no unvarying standard of excel- 

 lence in art. But, inasmuch as the study of the subject induces a 

 certain amount of concurrence in people equally educated, the practical 



