DR KNOX on the Structure of the Stomach 



Knowledge, has fallen into a great error, by not consulting what 

 DAUBENTON has said, and by trusting to the remarks of those 

 who fancied their interests and vanity served by an ill-judged 

 and totally erroneous criticism upon the works of that eminent 

 observer. The transverse contraction of the fourth cavity, where- 

 by it is obviously divided into two stomachs, distinguished by 

 this circumstance, which alone, according to the more generally 

 received views, would entitle us to consider this elongated ca- 

 vity to be divisible into a fourth and fifth stomach ; this trans- 

 verse contraction was discovered by DAUBENTON, and particu- 

 larly dwelt on by him ; and, when he offered it as his opinion 

 that there exist five stomachs in the animal, he grounded that 

 opinion on views which no real anatomist can possibly call in 

 question. 



The Lama. 



I come now to describe the structure of the stomach of the 

 adult lama. M. CUVIER and Sir E. HOME have had opportu- 

 nities of describing only that of the foetus, and if our descrip- 

 tions differ, as they do most materially, it will not, I imagine, 

 surprise any one, for assuredly it must be known to all zoologists, 

 that the stomach of the foetus and of the adult animal seldom 

 correspond. 



The cavity which we may term the first stomach or paunch, 

 is, in the adult lama, of great capacity, and seemed to me to 

 bear the same relation to the bulk of the animal as the paunch 

 does in other ruminating animals ; it was, in the instance which 

 came under my notice, filled with oats, on which kind of food 

 the animal had been last fed. In the structure of this cavity 

 there was first the external or peritoneal covering, the muscular 

 tunics more internally, and, still deeper, the cellular and mucous 

 layers. The inner surface, throughout a considerable extent of 



