June 25, I860.] ADDITIONAL NOTICES. 241 



Akershuus, Smaalenenes, Yarlsberg, Laiirvig, and Hedemark, were published 

 in France. These copperplates have been since purchased by Government and 

 placed under the Committee of Surveys. The above-mentioned maps were 

 published between 1826 and 1832. 



In 1841, when fresh materials were acquired, the Finance Department 

 resolved to have the maps of the districts continued and published at the 

 expense of Government, and Captain Gjessing of the Royal Artillery was 

 charged with the execution ; he has since finished eight maps, representing 

 the districts of Christiania, Buskerud, and Bratsberg, and the northern part of 

 Nedenass, and Robygdelaget districts. The want of trustworthy charts of 

 the coasts of Nordland and Finmark being felt, in 1828 an expedition was 

 fitted out for the purpose of supplying this deficiency, and furnished with most 

 excellent instruments. The foundation of this survey was laid by MM. Hagerup, 

 Paludan, and Vibe, and the work was concluded in 1844 ; and the survey of the 

 tract of coast from Drontheim to Jacob River, which forms the boundary 

 towards Russia, was afterwards completed. During several years a small Astro- 

 nomical Observatory had been established at Tromso under the superintendence 

 of M. Due. In 1832 Professor Hansteen and Major Vibe undertook a journey 

 to Drontheim in order to verify by observations the triangulation founded 

 on the earlier trigonometrical points, which extended over the regions of the 

 northern coasts. Sufficient materials having been accumulated to publish charts 

 of the coasts of Nordland and Finmark, Government entrusted Major Vibe with 

 this enterprise, and from 1832 to 1848 he constructed ten special and two 

 general charts with descriptions of the whole northern coast. The charts of 

 the coasts were lithographed in Christiania. 



Numerous measurements of heights have been also made, and, together with 

 other observations by scientific travellers, collected by Vibe and published in 

 Keilhaus' ' Gsea Norvegica.' A continuation, containing the measurement of 

 heights taken during the past years, is in progress. In 1841, 1842, and 1844, 

 an expedition was fitted out under the command of the present Postmaster- 

 general, M. Motzfeldt, to sound and examine, in connection with the fisheries 

 on the northern coasts, the often mentioned bank of the " Havbroen," *' Sea- 

 bridge." In 1835 a new line was measured on the ice of the Christiania fiord 

 by Colonel Broch. It was put in communication with the Observatory, and 

 with Kongsvinger, through which the first meridian of the kingdom is drawn. 

 Later two great series of triangles were carried on to Drontheim and Bergen ; 

 the first in the years 1835 and 1836 by Colonel Broch, the latter in 1852 and 

 1853 by Captain F. Naser. On these series of triangles all later trigono- 

 metrical measures are founded. 



In 1842 a connection with the Swedish triangulation was formed across 

 Fredrikshald by Vibe ; and in 1858 a similar one across Kongsvinger by 

 Naser. In 1845 Struve, the Director of the Observatory at Pulkowa near St. 

 Petersburg, applied to Government for the co-operation of Norway in a great 

 measurement, which should comprise a meridional arc of more than 25° of 

 latitude, viz., from Ismail on the Black Sea to the northern boundary of 

 Finmark. Both Norway and Sweden were willing to conduce to this scientific 

 end, and the guidance of the Norwegian portion of the work was undertaken 

 by Professor Hansteen, and that of the Swedish by Professor Selander. In 

 the years from 1836 to 1850 inclusive, this measurement of degrees was com- 

 pleted, as far as Norway was concerned. The operators were Lieut.-Colonels 

 Klouman and Lundh, and the Swedish Doctor Lindhagen, at that time holding 

 a place at the Observatory at Pulkowa. In 1854 at the northern extreme point 

 of this meridional arc a monument was erected at Fuglenaes near Hammerfest. 

 In order to attain a final determination concerning the measurements, Pro- 

 fessor Hansteen met in 1853 in Stockholm both Struve and Selander, and, 

 besides other preliminary writings on this subject, the two first folio volumes 



